February 21 — В этот день в истории
272 записи
События
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362
Athanasius returns to Alexandria.
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1245
Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland, is granted resignation after confessing to torture and forgery.
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1437
James I of Scotland is assassinated.
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1440
The Prussian Confederation is formed.
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1543
Battle of Wayna Daga - A combined army of Ethiopian and Portuguese troops defeats a Muslim army led by Ahmed Gragn.
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1613
Mikhail I is unanimously elected Tsar by a national assembly, beginning the Romanov dynasty of Imperial Russia.
Michael I of Russia · Tsar · Zemsky Sobor · Romanov dynasty · Imperial Russia
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1797
A force of 1,400 French soldiers invaded Britain at Fishguard in support of the Society of United Irishmen. They were defeated by 500 British reservists.
Battle of Fishguard · Fishguard · Society of United Irishmen
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1804
The first self-propelling steam locomotive makes its outing at the Pen-y-Darren Ironworks in Wales.
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1808
Without a previous declaration of war, Russian troops cross the border to Sweden at Abborfors in eastern Finland, thus beginning the Finnish War, in which Sweden will lose the eastern half of the country (i.e. Finland) to Russia.
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1828
Initial issue of the Cherokee Phoenix is the first periodical to use the Cherokee syllabary invented by Sequoyah.
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1842
John Greenough is granted the first U.S. patent for the sewing machine.
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1848
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels publish The Communist Manifesto.
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1862
American Civil War: Battle of Valverde is fought near Fort Craig in New Mexico Territory.
American Civil War · Battle of Valverde · Fort Craig · New Mexico Territory
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1874
The Oakland Daily Tribune publishes its first edition.
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1878
The first telephone directory is issued in New Haven, Connecticut.
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1885
The newly completed Washington Monument is dedicated.
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1896
An Englishman raised in Australia, Bob Fitzsimmons, fought an Irishman, Peter Maher, in an American promoted event which technically took place in Mexico, winning the 1896 World Heavyweight Championship in boxing.
Bob Fitzsimmons · Peter Maher (boxer) · 1896 World Heavyweight Championship · Boxing
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1913
Ioannina is incorporated into the Greek state after the Balkan Wars.
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1916
World War I: In France, the Battle of Verdun begins.
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1918
The last Carolina parakeet dies in captivity at the Cincinnati Zoo.
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1919
German socialist Kurt Eisner is assassinated. His death results in the establishment of the Bavarian Soviet Republic and parliament and government fleeing Munich, Germany.
Kurt Eisner · Assassination · Bavarian Soviet Republic · Munich
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1921
Constituent Assembly of the Democratic Republic of Georgia adopts the country's first constitution.
Constituent Assembly of Georgia · Democratic Republic of Georgia
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1921
Rezā Shāh takes control of Tehran during a successful coup
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1925
The New Yorker publishes its first issue.
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1937
The League of Nations bans foreign national "volunteers" in the Spanish Civil War.
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1945
World War II: During the Battle of Iwo Jima, Japanese kamikaze planes sink the escort carrier USS Bismarck Sea and damage the USS Saratoga.
World War II · Battle of Iwo Jima · Kamikaze · USS Bismarck Sea (CVE-95) · USS Saratoga (CV-3)
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1947
In New York City, Edwin Land demonstrates the first "instant camera", the Polaroid Land Camera, to a meeting of the Optical Society of America.
Edwin Land · Instant camera · Polaroid Land Camera · Optical Society of America
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1948
NASCAR is incorporated.
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1952
The British government, under Winston Churchill, abolishes identity cards in the UK to "set the people free".
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1952
The Bengali Language Movement protests occur at the University of Dhaka in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh).
Bengali Language Movement · University of Dhaka · East Pakistan · Bangladesh
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1958
The CND symbol, aka peace symbol, commissioned by the Direct Action Committee in protest against the Atomic Weapons Research Establishment, is designed and completed by Gerald Holtom.
Peace symbol · Direct Action Committee · Atomic Weapons Research Establishment · Gerald Holtom
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1965
Malcolm X is assassinated at the Audubon Ballroom in New York City.
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1971
The Convention on Psychotropic Substances is signed at Vienna.
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1972
United States President Richard Nixon visits the People's Republic of China to normalize Sino-American relations.
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1972
The Soviet unmanned spaceship Luna 20 lands on the Moon.
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1973
Over the Sinai Desert, Israeli fighter aircraft shoot down Libyan Arab Airlines Flight 114 jet killing 108 people.
Sinai Desert · Fighter aircraft · Libyan Arab Airlines Flight 114
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1974
The last Israeli soldiers leave the west bank of the Suez Canal pursuant to a truce with Egypt.
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1975
Watergate scandal: Former United States Attorney General John N. Mitchell and former White House aides H. R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman are sentenced to prison.
Watergate scandal · United States Attorney General · John N. Mitchell · White House · H. R. Haldeman
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1995
Steve Fossett lands in Leader, Saskatchewan, Canada becoming the first person to make a solo flight across the Pacific Ocean in a balloon.
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2013
At least 17 people are killed and 119 injured following several bombings in the Indian city of Hyderabad.
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Известные рождения
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921
Abe no Seimei, Japanese astrologer (d. 1005)
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1397
Isabella of Portugal (d. 1471)
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1462
Joanna la Beltraneja, princess of Castile (d. 1530)
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1484
Joachim I Nestor, Elector of Brandenburg (d. 1535)
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1498
Ralph Neville, 4th Earl of Westmorland, English Earl (d. 1549)
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1541
Philipp V, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg (d. 1599)
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1556
Sethus Calvisius, German astronomer, composer, and theorist (d. 1615)
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1559
Nurhaci, Chinese emperor (d. 1626)
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1609
Raimondo Montecuccoli, Italian military commander (d. 1680)
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1621
Rebecca Nurse, Massachusetts colonist, executed as a witch (d. 1692)
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1705
Edward Hawke, 1st Baron Hawke, English admiral and politician (d. 1781)
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1728
Peter III of Russia (d. 1762)
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1783
Catharina of Württemberg (d. 1835)
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1788
Francis Ronalds, British scientist, inventor and engineer (d. 1873)
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1791
Carl Czerny, Austrian pianist and composer (d. 1857)
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1794
Antonio López de Santa Anna, Mexican general and politician, 8th President of Mexico (d. 1876)
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1801
John Henry Newman, English cardinal (d. 1890)
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1817
José Zorrilla, Spanish poet and playwright (d. 1893)
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1821
Charles Scribner I, American publisher, founded Charles Scribner's Sons (d. 1871)
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1836
Léo Delibes, French pianist and composer (d. 1891)
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1840
Murad V, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (d.1904.)
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1844
Charles-Marie Widor, French organist and composer (d. 1937)
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1860
Goscombe John, Welsh-English sculptor and academic (d. 1952)
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1865
John Haden Badley, English author and educator, founded the Bedales School (d. 1967)
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1867
Otto Hermann Kahn, German banker and philanthropist (d. 1934)
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1875
Jeanne Calment, French super-centenarian (d. 1997)
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1878
Mirra Alfassa, French-Indian spiritual leader (d. 1973)
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1885
Sacha Guitry, Russian-French actor, director, and playwright (d. 1957)
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1887
Korechika Anami, Japanese general and politician, 54th Japanese Minister of War (d. 1945)
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1888
Clemence Dane, English author and playwright (d. 1965)
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1892
Harry Stack Sullivan, American psychiatrist and psychoanalyst (d. 1949)
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1893
Celia Lovsky, Austrian-American actress (d. 1979)
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1893
Andrés Segovia, Spanish guitarist (d. 1987)
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1894
Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar, Indian chemist and academic (d. 1955)
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1895
Henrik Dam, Danish biochemist and physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1976)
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1896
Nirala, Indian poet and author (d. 1961)
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1900
Jeanne Aubert, French singer and actress (d. 1988) [1]
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1902
Arthur Nock, English theologian and academic (d. 1963)
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1903
Anaïs Nin, French-American essayist and memoirist (d. 1977)
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1903
Raymond Queneau, French poet and author (d. 1976)
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1907
W. H. Auden, English-American poet, playwright, and composer (d. 1973)
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1909
Hans Erni, Swiss painter, sculptor, and illustrator (d. 2015)
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1910
Douglas Bader, English captain and pilot (d. 1982)
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1912
Arline Judge, American actress and singer (d. 1974)
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1914
Ilmari Juutilainen, Finnish soldier and pilot (d. 1999)
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1914
Zachary Scott, American actor (d. 1965)
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1914
Jean Tatlock, American psychiatrist and physician (d. 1944)
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1915
Claudia Jones, Trinidad-British journalist and activist (d. 1964)
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1915
Ann Sheridan, American actress (d. 1967)
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1915
Anton Vratuša, Prime Minister of Slovenia (1978-1980) (d. 2017)
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1917
Lucille Bremer, American actress and dancer (d. 1996)
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1917
Tadd Dameron, American pianist and composer (d. 1965)
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1921
John Rawls, American philosopher and academic (d. 2002)
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1921
Richard T. Whitcomb, American aeronautical engineer (d. 2009)
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1924
Thelma Estrin, American computer scientist and engineer (d. 2014)
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1924
Robert Mugabe, Zimbabwean educator and politician, 2nd President of Zimbabwe
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1924
Dorothy Blum, American computer scientist and cryptanalyst (d. 1980)
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1925
Sam Peckinpah, American director and screenwriter (d. 1984)
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1925
Jack Ramsay, American basketball player, coach, and sportscaster (d. 2014)
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1927
Erma Bombeck, American journalist and author (d. 1996)
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1927
Hubert de Givenchy, French fashion designer, founded Givenchy
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1929
Chespirito, Mexican actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2014)
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1933
Nina Simone, American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 2003)
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1934
Rue McClanahan, American actress (d. 2010)
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1935
Richard A. Lupoff, American author
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1936
Barbara Jordan, American lawyer and politician (d. 1996)
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1937
Ron Clarke, Australian runner and politician, Mayor of the Gold Coast (d. 2015)
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1937
Harald V of Norway
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1938
Bobby Charles, American singer-songwriter (d. 2010)
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1938
Kel Tremain, New Zealand rugby player (d. 1992)
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1940
Peter Gethin, English race car driver (d. 2011)
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1940
John Lewis, American activist and politician
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1942
Tony Martin, Trinidadian-American historian and academic (d. 2013)
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1942
Margarethe von Trotta, German actress, director, and screenwriter
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1943
David Geffen, American businessman, co-founded DreamWorks and Geffen Records
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1945
Maurice Bembridge, English golfer
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1946
Tyne Daly, American actress and singer
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1946
Anthony Daniels, English actor and producer
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1946
Alan Rickman, English actor and director (d. 2016)
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1946
Bob Ryan, American journalist and author
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1947
Johnny Echols, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
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1947
Olympia Snowe, American politician
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1948
Bill Slayback, American baseball player and singer (d. 2015)
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1949
Frank Brunner, American illustrator
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1949
Larry Drake, American actor (d. 2016)
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1949
Jerry Harrison, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
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1949
Ronnie Hellström, Swedish footballer
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1951
Vince Welnick, American keyboard player (d. 2006)
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1952
Jean-Jacques Burnel, English bass player, songwriter, and producer
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1952
Vitaly Churkin, Russian diplomat, former Ambassador of Russia to the United Nations (d. 2017)
Vitaly Churkin · Permanent Representative of Russia to the United Nations
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1953
Christine Ebersole, American actress and singer
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1953
William Petersen, American actor and producer
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1954
Christina Rees, British politician
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1955
Kelsey Grammer, American actor, singer, and producer
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1958
Jake Burns, Northern Irish singer-songwriter and guitarist
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1958
Mary Chapin Carpenter, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
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1958
Kim Coates, Canadian actor
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1958
Alan Trammell, American baseball player, coach, and manager
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1959
José María Cano, Spanish singer-songwriter and painter
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1960
Plamen Oresharski, Bulgarian economist and politician, 52nd Prime Minister of Bulgaria
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1960
Steve Wynn, American singer-songwriter
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1961
Christopher Atkins, American actor and businessman
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1962
Chuck Palahniuk, American novelist and journalist
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1962
David Foster Wallace, American novelist, short story writer, and essayist (d. 2008)
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1963
William Baldwin, American actor
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1963
Ranking Roger, English singer-songwriter and musician
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1963
Greg Turner, New Zealand golfer
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1964
Mark Kelly, American captain, pilot, and astronaut
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1964
Scott Kelly, American captain, pilot, and astronaut
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1965
Mark Ferguson, Australian journalist
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1967
Leroy Burrell, American runner and coach
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1967
Sari Essayah, Finnish athlete and politician
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1969
James Dean Bradfield, Welsh singer-songwriter and guitarist (Manic Street Preachers)
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1969
Aunjanue Ellis, American actress and producer
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1969
Tony Meola, American soccer player and manager
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1969
Cathy Richardson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
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1970
Michael Slater, Australian cricketer and sportscaster
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1970
Eric Wilson, American bass player and drummer
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1971
Pierre Fulke, Swedish golfer
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1972
Seo Taiji, South Korean singer-songwriter
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1973
Heri Joensen, Faroese singer-songwriter and guitarist
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1973
Brian Rolston, American ice hockey player and coach
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1974
Iván Campo, Spanish footballer
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1974
Roberto Heras, Spanish cyclist
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1975
Scott Miller, Australian swimmer
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1976
Ryan Smyth, Canadian ice hockey player
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1976
Michael McIntyre, English comedian, actor and television presenter
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1977
Jonathan Safran Foer, American novelist
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1977
Steve Francis, American basketball player
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1977
Owen King, American author
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1977
Kevin Rose, American businessman and television host, founded Digg
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1978
Kumail Nanjiani, Pakistani-American stand-up comedian, actor, writer and podcast host
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1979
Pascal Chimbonda, Guadeloupean-French footballer
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1979
Shane Gibson, American guitarist (stOrk and Jonathan Davis and the SFA) (d. 2014)
Shane Gibson (musician) · StOrk · Jonathan Davis and the SFA
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1979
Jennifer Love Hewitt, American actress and producer
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1979
Carly Colón, Puerto Rican professional wrestler
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1979
Jordan Peele, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
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1980
Brad Fast, Canadian ice hockey player
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1980
Tiziano Ferro, Italian singer-songwriter and producer
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1980
Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck, 5th King of Bhutan
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1980
Justin Roiland, American animator, writer and voice actor
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1982
Andre Barrett, American basketball player
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1982
Chantal Claret, American singer-songwriter
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1983
Braylon Edwards, American football player
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1983
Franklin Gutiérrez, Venezuelan baseball player
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1983
Mélanie Laurent, French actress
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1984
Andrew Ellis, New Zealand rugby player
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1984
David Odonkor, German footballer
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1984
Marco Paoloni, Italian footballer
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1984
James Wisniewski, American ice hockey player
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1985
Georgios Samaras, Greek footballer
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1985
Jamaal Westerman, American football player
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1986
Charlotte Church, Welsh singer-songwriter and actress
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1987
Ellen Page, Canadian actress
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1990
Mattias Tedenby, Swedish ice hockey player
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1991
Riyad Mahrez, Algerian footballer
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1991
Ji So-yun, South Korean footballer
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1991
Devon Travis, American baseball player
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1993
Steve Leo Beleck, Cameroonian footballer
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1993
Davy Klaassen, Dutch footballer
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1994
Tang Haochen, Chinese tennis player
-
1994
Charalampos Mavrias, Greek footballer
-
1996
Sophie Turner, English actress
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Известные смерти
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675
Randoald of Grandval, prior of the Benedictine monastery of Grandval
Randoald of Grandval · Priory · Benedictine · Monastery · Grandval, Switzerland
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1184
Minamoto no Yoshinaka, Japanese shogun (b. 1154)
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1267
Baldwin of Ibelin, Seneschal of Cyprus
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1437
James I of Scotland (b. 1394)
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1471
Jan Rokycana, Czech bishop and theologian (b. 1396)
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1513
Pope Julius II (b. 1443)
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1543
Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi, Somalian general (b. 1507)
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1554
Hieronymus Bock, German botanist and physician (b. 1498)
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1572
Cho Shik, Korean poet and scholar (d. 1501)
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1590
Ambrose Dudley, 3rd Earl of Warwick, English nobleman and general (b. 1528)
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1595
Robert Southwell, English priest and poet (b. 1561)
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1677
Baruch Spinoza, Dutch philosopher and scholar (b. 1632)
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1715
Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore, English politician (b. 1637)
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1730
Pope Benedict XIII (b. 1649)
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1821
Georg Friedrich von Martens, German jurist and diplomat (b. 1756)
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1824
Eugène de Beauharnais, French general (b. 1781)
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1846
Emperor Ninkō of Japan (b. 1800)
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1862
Justinus Kerner, German poet and physician (b. 1786)
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1888
William Weston, English-Australian politician, 3rd Premier of Tasmania (b. 1804)
William Weston (Australian politician) · Premier of Tasmania
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1891
James Timberlake, American lieutenant and police officer (b. 1846)
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1919
Kurt Eisner, German journalist and politician, Minister-President of Bavaria (b. 1867)
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1926
Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, Dutch physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1853)
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1934
Augusto César Sandino, Nicaraguan rebel leader (b. 1895)
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1938
George Ellery Hale, American astronomer and academic (b. 1868)
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1941
Frederick Banting, Canadian physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1891)
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1944
Ferenc Szisz, Hungarian-French race car driver (b. 1873)
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1945
Eric Liddell, Scottish rugby player and runner (b. 1902)
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1946
José Streel, Belgian journalist (b. 1911)
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1958
Duncan Edwards, English footballer (b. 1936)
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1965
Malcolm X, American minister and activist (b. 1925)
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1967
Charles Beaumont, American author and screenwriter (b. 1929)
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1968
Howard Florey, Australian pathologist and pharmacologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1898)
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1972
Zhang Guohua, Chinese general and politician (b. 1914)
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1972
Bronislava Nijinska, Russian-American dancer and choreographer (b. 1891)
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1972
Eugène Tisserant, French cardinal (b. 1884)
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1974
Tim Horton, Canadian ice hockey player and businessman, co-founded Tim Hortons (b. 1930)
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1980
Alfred Andersch, German-Swiss author (b. 1914)
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1982
Gershom Scholem, German-Israeli historian and philosopher (b. 1897)
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1984
Mikhail Sholokhov, Russian novelist and short story writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1905)
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1985
Louis Hayward, South African-American actor (b. 1909)
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1986
Helen Hooven Santmyer, American novelist (b. 1895)
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1991
Dorothy Auchterlonie Green, Australian poet, critic, and academic (b. 1915)
-
1993
Inge Lehmann, Danish seismologist and geophysicist (b. 1888)
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1994
Johannes Steinhoff, German general and pilot (b. 1913)
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1996
Morton Gould, American pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1913)
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1999
Gertrude B. Elion, American biochemist and pharmacologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1918)
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1999
Ilmari Juutilainen, Finnish soldier and pilot (b. 1914)
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1999
Wilmer Mizell, American baseball player and politician (b. 1930)
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2002
John Thaw, English actor and producer (b. 1942)
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2004
John Charles, Welsh footballer and manager (b. 1931)
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2005
Guillermo Cabrera Infante, Cuban author, screenwriter, and critic (b. 1929)
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2005
Zdzisław Beksiński, Polish painter, photographer, and sculptor (b. 1929)
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2008
Ben Chapman, American actor (b. 1928)
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2008
Neil Chotem, Canadian conductor and composer (b. 1920)
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2011
Dwayne McDuffie, American author and screenwriter, co-founded Milestone Media (b. 1962)
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2011
Bernard Nathanson, American physician and activist (b. 1926)
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2012
H. M. Darmstandler, American general (b. 1922)
-
2012
Barney Rosset, American publisher (b. 1922)
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2013
Hasse Jeppson, Swedish footballer (b. 1925)
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2014
Héctor Maestri, Cuban-American baseball player (b. 1935)
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2014
Matthew Robinson, Australian snowboarder (b. 1985)
-
2014
Cornelius Schnauber, German-American historian, playwright, and academic (b. 1939)
-
2014
John Strawson, English general (b. 1921)
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2015
Aleksei Gubarev, Russian general, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1931)
-
2015
Robert O. Marshall, American businessman (b. 1939)
-
2015
Sadeq Tabatabaei, Iranian journalist and politician (b. 1943)
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2015
Clark Terry, American trumpet player, composer, and educator (b. 1920)
-
2016
Eric Brown, Scottish-English captain and pilot (b. 1919)
-
2017
Jeanne Martin Cissé, Guinean teacher and politician (b. 1926)
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