February 20 — В этот день в истории
302 записи
События
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1339
The Milanese army and the St. George's (San Giorgio) Mercenaries of Lodrisio Visconti clashed in the Battle of Parabiago.
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1472
Orkney and Shetland are pawned by Norway to Scotland in lieu of a dowry for Margaret of Denmark.
Orkney · Shetland · Pawn (law) · Dowry · Margaret of Denmark, Queen of Scotland
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1547
Edward VI of England is crowned King of England at Westminster Abbey.
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1685
René-Robert Cavelier establishes Fort St. Louis at Matagorda Bay thus forming the basis for France's claim to Texas.
René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle · French colonization of Texas · Matagorda Bay · Texas
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1792
The Postal Service Act, establishing the United States Post Office Department, is signed by United States President George Washington.
Postal Service Act · United States Postal Service · George Washington
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1798
Louis-Alexandre Berthier removes Pope Pius VI from power.
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1810
Andreas Hofer, Tirolean patriot and leader of rebellion against Napoleon's forces, is executed.
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1813
Manuel Belgrano defeats the royalist army of Pío de Tristán during the Battle of Salta.
Manuel Belgrano · Royalist (Spanish American Independence) · Pío de Tristán · Battle of Salta
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1816
Rossini's opera The Barber of Seville premieres at the Teatro Argentina in Rome.
Gioachino Rossini · The Barber of Seville · Teatro Argentina
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1835
The 1835 Concepción earthquake destroys Concepción, Chile.
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1846
Polish insurgents lead an uprising in Kraków to incite a fight for national independence.
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1864
American Civil War: Battle of Olustee: The largest battle fought in Florida during the war.
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1865
End of the Uruguayan War, with a peace agreement between President Tomás Villalba and rebel leader Venancio Flores, setting the scene for the destructive War of the Triple Alliance.
Uruguayan War · Tomás Villalba · Venancio Flores · Paraguayan War
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1872
The Metropolitan Museum of Art opens in New York City.
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1877
Tchaikovsky's ballet Swan Lake receives its premiere at the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow.
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1901
The legislature of Hawaii Territory convenes for the first time.
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1909
Publication of the Futurist Manifesto in the French journal Le Figaro.
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1913
King O'Malley drives in the first survey peg to mark commencement of work on the construction of Canberra.
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1931
The Congress of the United States approves the construction of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge by the state of California.
Congress of the United States · San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge · California
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1933
The Congress of the United States proposes the Twenty-first Amendment to the United States Constitution that will end Prohibition in the United States.
Twenty-first Amendment to the United States Constitution · Prohibition in the United States
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1933
Adolf Hitler secretly meets with German industrialists to arrange for financing of the Nazi Party's upcoming election campaign.
Adolf Hitler · Secret Meeting of 20 February 1933 · Nazi Party
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1935
Caroline Mikkelsen becomes the first woman to set foot in Antarctica.
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1942
Lieutenant Edward O'Hare becomes America's first World War II flying ace.
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1943
American movie studio executives agree to allow the Office of War Information to censor movies.
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1943
The Saturday Evening Post publishes the first of Norman Rockwell's Four Freedoms in support of United States President Franklin Roosevelt's 1941 State of the Union address theme of Four Freedoms.
The Saturday Evening Post · Norman Rockwell · Four Freedoms (Norman Rockwell) · Franklin Roosevelt · State of the Union address
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1944
World War II: The "Big Week" began with American bomber raids on German aircraft manufacturing centers.
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1944
World War II: The United States takes Eniwetok Island.
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1952
Emmett Ashford becomes the first African-American umpire in organized baseball by being authorized to be a substitute umpire in the Southwestern International League.
Emmett Ashford · African-American · Umpire (baseball) · Baseball
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1956
The United States Merchant Marine Academy becomes a permanent Service Academy.
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1959
The Avro Arrow program to design and manufacture supersonic jet fighters in Canada is cancelled by the Diefenbaker government amid much political debate.
Avro Arrow · Supersonic · Fighter aircraft · John Diefenbaker
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1962
Mercury program: While aboard Friendship 7, John Glenn becomes the first American to orbit the earth, making three orbits in four hours, 55 minutes.
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1965
Ranger 8 crashes into the Moon after a successful mission of photographing possible landing sites for the Apollo program astronauts.
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1971
The United States Emergency Broadcast System is accidentally activated in an erroneous national alert.
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1979
Earthquake cracks Sinila volcanic crater in Dieng Plateau, releases poisonous H2S gas and kills 149 villagers in Indonesian province of Central Java.
Earthquake · Volcanic crater · Dieng Plateau · Indonesia · Central Java
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1986
The Soviet Union launches its Mir spacecraft. Remaining in orbit for 15 years, it is occupied for ten of those years.
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1988
The Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast votes to secede from Azerbaijan and join Armenia, triggering the Nagorno-Karabakh War.
Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast · Azerbaijan · Armenia · Nagorno-Karabakh War
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1991
In the Albanian capital Tirana, a gigantic statue of Albania's long-time leader, Enver Hoxha, is brought down by mobs of angry protesters.
Tirana · Albania · Enver Hoxha
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1998
American figure skater Tara Lipinski becomes the youngest gold-medalist at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan.
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2003
During a Great White concert in West Warwick, Rhode Island, a pyrotechnics display sets the Station nightclub ablaze, killing 100 and injuring over 200 others.
Great White · West Warwick, Rhode Island · Pyrotechnics · The Station nightclub fire
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2005
Spain becomes the first country to vote in a referendum on ratification of the proposed Constitution of the European Union, passing it by a substantial margin, but on a low turnout.
Spanish European Constitution referendum, 2005 · Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe · European Union
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2009
Two Tamil Tigers aircraft packed with C4 explosives en route to the national airforce headquarters are shot down by the Sri Lankan military before reaching their target, in a kamikaze style attack.
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2010
In Madeira Island, Portugal, heavy rain causes floods and mudslides, resulting in at least 43 deaths, in the worst disaster in the history of the archipelago.
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2014
Dozens of Euromaidan anti-government protesters died in Ukraine's capital Kiev, many reportedly killed by snipers.
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2015
Two trains collide in the Swiss town of Rafz resulting in as many as 49 people injured and Swiss Federal Railways cancelling some services.
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2016
Six people are killed and two injured in multiple shooting incidents in Kalamazoo County, Michigan.
Известные рождения
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1358
Eleanor of Aragon, queen of John I of Castile (d. 1382)
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1469
Thomas Cajetan, Italian philosopher (d. 1534)
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1494
Johan Friis, Danish statesman (d. 1570)
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1523
Jan Blahoslav, Czech writer (d. 1571)
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1549
Francesco Maria II della Rovere, Duke of Urbino, last Duke of Urbino (d. 1631)
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1552
Sengoku Hidehisa, Daimyo (d. 1614)
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1608
Arthur Capell, 1st Baron Capell of Hadham (d. 1649)
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1631
Thomas Osborne, 1st Duke of Leeds, English politician, Treasurer of the Navy (d. 1712)
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1633
Jan de Baen, Dutch painter (d. 1702)
-
1705
Nicolas Chédeville, French musette player and composer (d. 1782)
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1726
William Prescott, American colonel (d. 1795)
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1745
Henry James Pye, English poet and politician (d. 1813)
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1751
Johann Heinrich Voss, German poet, translator, and academic (d. 1826)
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1753
Louis-Alexandre Berthier, French general and politician, French Minister of Defence (d. 1815)
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1759
Johann Christian Reil, German physician, physiologist, and anatomist (d. 1813)
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1792
Eliza Courtney, French daughter of Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire (d. 1859)
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1794
William Carleton, Irish author (d. 1869)
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1802
Charles Auguste de Bériot, Belgian violinist and composer (d. 1870)
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1819
Alfred Escher, Swiss businessman and politician (d. 1882)
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1839
Benjamin Waugh, English activist, founded the NSPCC (d. 1908)
Benjamin Waugh · National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children
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1844
Ludwig Boltzmann, Austrian physicist and philosopher (d. 1906)
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1844
Joshua Slocum, Canadian sailor and adventurer (d. 1909)
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1848
E. H. Harriman, American businessman and philanthropist (d. 1909)
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1857
A. P. Lucas, English cricketer (d. 1923)
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1866
Carl Westman, Swedish architect, designed the Stockholm Court House and Röhsska Museum (d. 1936)
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1867
Louise, Princess Royal of England (d. 1931)
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1870
Jay Johnson Morrow, American engineer and politician, 3rd Governor of the Panama Canal Zone (d. 1937)
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1874
Mary Garden, Scottish-American soprano and actress (d. 1967)
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1879
Hod Stuart, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1907)
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1880
Jacques d'Adelswärd-Fersen, French author and poet (d. 1923)
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1887
Vincent Massey, Canadian lawyer and politician, 18th Governor General of Canada (d. 1967)
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1888
Georges Bernanos, French soldier and author (d. 1948)
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1889
Hulusi Behçet, Turkish dermatologist and physician (d. 1948)
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1893
Elizabeth Holloway Marston, American psychologist and author (d. 1993)
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1895
Louis Zborowski, English race car driver and engineer (d. 1924)
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1899
Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney, American businessman and philanthropist (d. 1992)
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1901
René Dubos, French-American biologist and author (d. 1982)
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1901
Louis Kahn, American architect, designed the Salk Institute, the Kimbell Art Museum and the Bangladesh Parliament Building (d. 1974)
Louis Kahn · Salk Institute · Kimbell Art Museum · Bangladesh Parliament Building
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1901
Muhammad Naguib, Egyptian general and politician, 1st President of Egypt (d. 1984)
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1901
Ramakrishna Ranga Rao of Bobbili, Indian lawyer and politician, 6th Chief Minister of Madras Presidency (d. 1978)
Ramakrishna Ranga Rao of Bobbili · List of Chief Ministers of Tamil Nadu
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1902
Ansel Adams, American photographer and environmentalist (d. 1984)
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1904
Alexei Kosygin, Russian soldier and politician, 8th Premier of the Soviet Union (d. 1980)
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1906
Gale Gordon, American actor (d. 1995)
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1912
Pierre Boulle, French soldier and author (d. 1994)
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1913
Tommy Henrich, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 2009)
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1914
John Charles Daly, South African-American journalist and game show host (d. 1991)
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1916
Jean Erdman, American dancer and choreographer
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1918
Leonore Annenberg, American businesswoman and diplomat (d. 2009)
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1919
James O'Meara, English soldier and pilot (d. 1974)
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1920
Karl Albrecht, German businessman, co-founded Aldi (d. 2014)
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1921
Buddy Rogers, American wrestler (d. 1992)
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1923
Victor G. Atiyeh, American businessman and politician, 32nd Governor of Oregon (d. 2014)
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1923
Forbes Burnham, Guyanese lawyer and politician, 2nd President of Guyana (d. 1985)
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1923
Rena Vlahopoulou, Greek actress (d. 2004)
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1924
Gloria Vanderbilt, American actress and fashion designer
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1925
Robert Altman, American director and screenwriter (d. 2006)
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1925
Tochinishiki Kiyotaka, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 44th Yokozuna (d. 1990)
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1926
Matthew Bucksbaum, American businessman and philanthropist, co-founded General Growth Properties (d. 2013)
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1926
Gillian Lynne, English ballerina, choreographer, and director
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1926
Richard Matheson, American author and screenwriter (d. 2013)
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1926
María de la Purísima Salvat Romero, Spanish Roman Catholic nun; later canonized (d. 1998)
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1927
Roy Cohn, American lawyer and political activist (d. 1986)
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1927
Ibrahim Ferrer, Cuban singer and musician (d. 2005)
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1927
Sidney Poitier, Bahamian-American actor, director, and diplomat
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1928
Roy Face, American baseball player and carpenter
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1928
Jean Kennedy Smith, American diplomat, 25th United States Ambassador to Ireland
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1929
Amanda Blake, American actress (d. 1989)
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1931
John Milnor, American mathematician and academic
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1932
Adrian Cristobal, Filipino journalist and author (d. 2007)
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1934
Bobby Unser, American race car driver
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1935
Ellen Gilchrist American novelist, short story writer, and poet
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1936
Marj Dusay, American actress
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1936
Larry Hovis, American actor and singer (d. 2003)
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1936
Shigeo Nagashima, Japanese baseball player and coach
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1937
David Ackles, American singer-songwriter and actor (d. 1999)
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1937
Robert Huber, German biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
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1937
Roger Penske, American race car driver and businessman
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1937
Robert Evans, Australian minister and amateur astronomer
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1937
Nancy Wilson, American singer and actress
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1938
Richard Beymer, American actor, director, and cinematographer
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1938
Wiley W. Hilburn, American journalist and academic (d. 2014)
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1941
Lim Kit Siang, Malaysian lawyer and politician
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1941
Buffy Sainte-Marie, Canadian singer-songwriter and producer
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1942
Phil Esposito, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager
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1942
Mitch McConnell, American lawyer, and politician
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1942
Claude Miller, French director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2012)
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1943
Antonio Inoki, Japanese wrestler, mixed martial artist, and politician
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1943
Mike Leigh, English director and screenwriter
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1944
Robert de Cotret, Canadian economist and politician, 56th Secretary of State for Canada (d. 1999)
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1944
Lew Soloff, American trumpet player, composer, and actor (d. 2015)
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1944
Willem van Hanegem, Dutch footballer and coach
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1945
Alan Hull, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1995)
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1946
Brenda Blethyn, English actress
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1946
Sandy Duncan, American actress, singer, and dancer
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1946
J. Geils, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2017)
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1947
Peter Osgood, English footballer (d. 2006)
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1947
Peter Strauss, American actor and producer
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1948
Pierre Bouchard, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster
-
1948
Jennifer O'Neill, American model and actress
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1949
Eddie Hemmings, English cricketer
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1949
Ivana Trump, Czech-American socialite and model
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1950
Walter Becker, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 2017)
-
1950
Peter Marinello, Scottish footballer
-
1950
Tony Wilson, English journalist and businessman (d. 2007)
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1951
Edward Albert, American actor (d. 2006)
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1951
Gordon Brown, Scottish historian and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
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1951
Randy California, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1997)
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1951
Phil Neal, English footballer and manager
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1953
Poison Ivy, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
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1954
Jon Brant, American bass player
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1954
Anthony Head, English actor
-
1954
Patty Hearst, American actress and author
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1957
Glen Hanlon, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
-
1959
Scott Brayton, American race car driver (d. 1996)
-
1959
David Corn, American journalist and author
-
1959
Bill Gullickson, American baseball player
-
1960
Joel Hodgson, American comedian, actor, and screenwriter
-
1960
Cándido Muatetema Rivas, Equatoguinean politician and diplomat, Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea (d. 2014)
Cándido Muatetema Rivas · Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea
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1961
Steve Lundquist, American swimmer
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1962
Dwayne McDuffie, American author, screenwriter, and producer, co-founded Milestone Media (d. 2011)
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1963
Charles Barkley, American basketball player and sportscaster
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1963
Ian Brown, English singer-songwriter and musician
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1963
Joakim Nystrom, Swedish tennis player
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1963
Mariliza Xenogiannakopoulou, Greek lawyer and politician, Greek Minister of Health
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1964
Willie Garson, American actor and director
-
1964
Tom Harris, Scottish journalist and politician
-
1964
Jeff Maggert, American golfer
-
1964
French Stewart, American actor
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1966
Cindy Crawford, American model and businesswoman
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1967
Paul Accola, Swiss alpine skier
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1967
Kurt Cobain, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1994)
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1967
David Herman, American comedian and actor
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1967
Andrew Shue, American actor and activist, founded Do Something
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1967
Lili Taylor, American actress
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1967
Tom Waddle, American football player and sportscaster
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1969
Kjell Ove Hauge, Norwegian school principal and track and field athlete
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1969
Siniša Mihajlović, Serbian footballer and manager
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1969
Danis Tanović, Bosnian director and screenwriter
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1971
Calpernia Addams, American actress, author, and activist
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1971
Jari Litmanen, Finnish footballer
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1971
Joost van der Westhuizen, South African rugby player (d. 2017)
-
1972
Neil Primrose, Scottish drummer
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1974
Karim Bagheri, Iranian footballer and manager
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1975
Liván Hernández, Cuban baseball player
-
1975
Brian Littrell, American singer-songwriter and actor
-
1975
Niclas Wallin, Swedish ice hockey player
-
1977
Stephon Marbury, American basketball player
-
1977
Gail Kim, Canadian professional wrestler
-
1978
Lauren Ambrose, American actress and producer
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1980
Imanol Harinordoquy, French rugby player
-
1980
Luis Gabriel Rey, Colombian footballer
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1981
Tony Hibbert, English footballer
-
1981
Fred Jackson, American football player
-
1982
Jason Hirsh, American baseball player
-
1983
Jose Morales, Puerto Rican-American baseball player
-
1983
Justin Verlander, American baseball player
-
1984
Brian McCann, American baseball player
-
1984
Trevor Noah, South African comedian, actor, and television host
-
1984
Ramzee Robinson, American football player
-
1985
Ryan Sweeney, American baseball player
-
1985
Julia Volkova, Russian singer and actress
-
1987
Luke Burgess, English rugby league player
-
1987
Miles Teller, American actor
-
1988
Kealoha Pilares, American football player
-
1988
Ki Bo-bae, South Korean archer
-
1988
Rihanna, Barbadian-American singer-songwriter and actress
-
1989
Daly Cherry-Evans, Australian rugby league player
-
1990
Ciro Immobile, Italian footballer
-
1990
Hiphop Tamizha Adhi, Indian Tamil Musician
-
1991
Hidilyn Diaz, Filipino weightlifter
-
1991
Giovanni Kyeremateng, Italian footballer
-
1991
Angelique van der Meet, Dutch tennis player
-
1991
Antonio Pedroza, English-Mexican footballer
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1991
Jocelyn Rae, English-Scottish tennis player
-
1992
Kyle Turner, Australian rugby league player
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1994
Elseid Hysaj, Albanian footballer
Известные смерти
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789
Leo of Catania, saint and bishop of Catania (b. 709)
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922
Theodora, Byzantine empress
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1054
Yaroslav the Wise, husband of Ingegerd Olofsdotter of Sweden (b. 978)
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1154
Saint Wulfric of Haselbury (b. c. 1080)
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1171
Conan IV, Duke of Brittany (b. 1138)
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1194
Tancred, King of Sicily (b. 1138)
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1258
Al-Musta'sim, Iraqi caliph (b. 1213)
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1408
Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland, English politician, Earl Marshal of the United Kingdom (b. 1342)
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1431
Pope Martin V (b. 1368)
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1458
Lazar Branković, Despot of Serbia
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1513
King John of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden (b. 1455)
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1524
Tecun Uman, Mayan ruler (b. 1500)
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1579
Nicholas Bacon, English politician (b. 1509)
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1618
Philip William, Prince of Orange (b. 1554)
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1626
John Dowland, English lute player and composer (b. 1563)
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1762
Tobias Mayer, German astronomer and academic (b. 1723)
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1771
Jean-Jacques d'Ortous de Mairan, French geophysicist and astronomer (b. 1678)
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1773
Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia (b. 1701)
-
1778
Laura Bassi, Italian physicist and scholar (b. 1711)
-
1790
Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1741)
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1806
Lachlan McIntosh, Scottish-American general and politician (b. 1725)
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1810
Andreas Hofer, Tyrolean rebel leader (b. 1767)
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1862
William Wallace Lincoln, American son of Abraham Lincoln (b. 1850)
-
1871
Paul Kane, Irish-Canadian painter (b. 1810)
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1893
P. G. T. Beauregard, American general (b. 1818)
-
1895
Frederick Douglass, American author and activist (b. 1818)
-
1900
Washakie, American tribal leader (b. 1798)
-
1907
Henri Moissan, French chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)
-
1910
Boutros Ghali, Egyptian educator and politician, 9th Prime Minister of Egypt (b. 1846)
-
1916
Klas Pontus Arnoldson, Swedish journalist and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1844)
-
1920
Jacinta Marto, Portuguese saint (b. 1910)
-
1920
Robert Peary, American admiral and explorer (b. 1856)
-
1936
Max Schreck, German actor (b. 1879)
-
1957
Sadri Maksudi Arsal, Turkish scholar and politician (b. 1878)
-
1961
Percy Grainger, Australian-American pianist and composer (b. 1882)
-
1963
Jacob Gade, Danish violinist and composer(b. 1879)
-
1966
Chester W. Nimitz, American admiral (b. 1885)
-
1968
Anthony Asquith, English director and screenwriter (b. 1902)
-
1969
Ernest Ansermet, Swiss conductor (b. 1883)
-
1972
Maria Goeppert-Mayer, German-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1906)
-
1972
Walter Winchell, American journalist and actor (b. 1897)
-
1976
René Cassin, French lawyer and judge, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1887)
-
1981
Nicolas de Gunzburg, French-American banker and publisher (b. 1904)
-
1987
Wayne Boring, American illustrator (b. 1905)
-
1992
A. J. Casson, Canadian painter (b. 1898)
-
1992
Dick York, American actor (b. 1928)
-
1993
Ferruccio Lamborghini, Italian businessman, founded Lamborghini (b. 1916)
-
1993
Ernest L. Massad, American general (b. 1908)
-
1996
Solomon Asch, American psychologist and academic (b. 1907)
-
1996
Audrey Munson, American model (b. 1891)
-
1996
Toru Takemitsu, Japanese pianist, guitarist, and composer (b. 1930)
-
1999
Sarah Kane, English playwright (b. 1971)
-
1999
Gene Siskel, American journalist and critic (b. 1946)
-
2000
Anatoly Sobchak, Russian lawyer and politician, 1st Governor of Saint Petersburg (b. 1937)
-
2001
Rosemary DeCamp, American actress (b. 1910)
-
2001
Donella Meadows, American environmentalist, author, and academic (b. 1941)
-
2003
Mushaf Ali Mir, Pakistani air marshal (b. 1947)
-
2003
Maurice Blanchot, French philosopher and author (b. 1907)
-
2003
Orville Freeman, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 29th Governor of Minnesota (b. 1918)
-
2005
Sandra Dee, American actress (b. 1942)
-
2005
John Raitt, American actor and singer (b. 1917)
-
2005
Hunter S. Thompson, American journalist and author (b. 1937)
-
2006
Curt Gowdy, American sportscaster (b. 1919)
-
2006
Lucjan Wolanowski, Polish journalist and author (b. 1920)
-
2008
Emily Perry, English actress and dancer (b. 1907)
-
2009
Larry H. Miller, American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1944)
-
2010
Alexander Haig, American general and politician, 59th United States Secretary of State (b. 1924)
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2012
Knut Torbjørn Eggen, Norwegian footballer and manager (b. 1960)
-
2012
Katie Hall, American educator and politician (b. 1938)
-
2013
Kenji Eno, Japanese game designer and composer (b. 1970)
-
2013
David S. McKay, American biochemist and geologist (b. 1936)
-
2013
Antonio Roma, Argentinian footballer (b. 1932)
-
2014
Rafael Addiego Bruno, Uruguayan jurist and politician, President of Uruguay (b. 1923)
-
2014
Walter D. Ehlers, American lieutenant, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1921)
-
2014
Garrick Utley, American journalist (b. 1939)
-
2015
Govind Pansare, Indian author and activist (b. 1933)
-
2015
Henry Segerstrom, American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1923)
-
2015
John C. Willke, American physician, author, and activist (b. 1925)
-
2016
Fernando Cardenal, Nicaraguan priest and politician (b. 1934)
-
2017
Vitaly Churkin, Ambassador of the Russian Federation to the United Nations (b. 1952)
-
2017
Mildred Dresselhaus, American physicist (b. 1930)