июль 14 — В этот день в истории
296 записи
События
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756
An Lushan Rebellion: Emperor Xuanzong flees the capital Chang'an as An Lushan's forces advance toward the city.
An Lushan Rebellion · Emperor Xuanzong of Tang · Chang'an · An Lushan
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1223
Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Philip II.
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1420
Battle of Vítkov Hill, decisive victory of Czech Hussite forces commanded by Jan Žižka against Crusade army led by Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor
Battle of Vítkov Hill · Jan Žižka · Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor
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1769
An expedition led by Gaspar de Portolá establishes a base in California and sets out to find the Port of Monterey (now Monterey, California).
Portolá expedition · Gaspar de Portolá · California · Monterey, California
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1771
Foundation of the Mission San Antonio de Padua in modern California by the Franciscan friar Junípero Serra.
Mission San Antonio de Padua · Franciscan · Friar · Junípero Serra
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1789
French Revolution: Citizens of Paris storm the Bastille.
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1789
Alexander Mackenzie finally completes his journey to the mouth of the great river he hoped would take him to the Pacific, but which turns out to flow into the Arctic Ocean. Later named after him, the Mackenzie is the second-longest river system in North America.
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1790
French Revolution: Citizens of Paris celebrate the unity of the French people and the national reconciliation in the Fête de la Fédération.
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1791
The Priestley Riots drive Joseph Priestley, a supporter of the French Revolution, out of Birmingham, England.
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1798
The Sedition Act becomes law in the United States making it a federal crime to write, publish, or utter false or malicious statements about the United States government.
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1853
Opening of the first major US world's fair, the Exhibition of the Industry of All Nations in New York City.
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1865
First ascent of the Matterhorn by Edward Whymper and party, four of whom die on the descent.
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1874
The Chicago Fire of 1874 burns down 47 acres of the city, destroying 812 buildings, killing 20, and resulting in the fire insurance industry demanding municipal reforms from Chicago's city council.
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1877
The Great Railroad Strike of 1877 begins in Martinsburg, West Virginia when Baltimore and Ohio Railroad workers have their wages cut for the second time in a year.
Great Railroad Strike of 1877 · Martinsburg, West Virginia · Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
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1881
Billy the Kid is shot and killed by Pat Garrett outside Fort Sumner.
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1900
Armies of the Eight-Nation Alliance capture Tientsin during the Boxer Rebellion.
Eight-Nation Alliance · Siege of the International Legations · Tianjin · Boxer Rebellion
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1902
The Campanile in St Mark's Square, Venice collapses, also demolishing the loggetta.
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1911
Harry Atwood, an exhibition pilot for the Wright brothers, lands his airplane at the South Lawn of the White House. He is later awarded a Gold medal from U.S. President William Howard Taft for this feat.
Harry Atwood · Wright brothers · South Lawn (White House) · Gold medal · William Howard Taft
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1915
The McMahon-Hussein Correspondence between Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca and the British official Henry McMahon concerning the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire begins.
McMahon-Hussein Correspondence · Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca · Henry McMahon · Arab Revolt · Ottoman Empire
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1916
Start of the Battle of Delville Wood as an action within the Battle of the Somme, which was to last until 3 September 1916.
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1928
New Vietnam Revolutionary Party is founded in Huế, providing some of the communist party's most important leaders in its early years.
Tân Việt Revolutionary Party · Huế · Communist Party of Vietnam
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1933
Gleichschaltung: In Germany, all political parties are outlawed except the Nazi Party.
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1933
The Nazi eugenics begins with the proclamation of the Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Offspring that calls for the compulsory sterilization of any citizen who suffers from alleged genetic disorders.
Nazi eugenics · Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Offspring · Compulsory sterilization
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1943
In Diamond, Missouri, the George Washington Carver National Monument becomes the first United States National Monument in honor of an African American.
Diamond, Missouri · George Washington Carver National Monument · United States National Monument · African American
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1948
Palmiro Togliatti, leader of the Italian Communist Party, is shot and wounded near the Italian Parliament.
Palmiro Togliatti · Italian Communist Party · Italian Parliament
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1950
Korean War: North Korean troops initiate the Battle of Taejon.
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1957
Rawya Ateya takes her seat in the National Assembly of Egypt, thereby becoming the first female parliamentarian in the Arab world.
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1958
Iraqi Revolution: In Iraq the monarchy is overthrown by popular forces led by Abd al-Karim Qasim, who becomes the nation's new leader.
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1960
Jane Goodall arrives at the Gombe Stream Reserve in present-day Tanzania to begin her famous study of chimpanzees in the wild.
- 1965
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1969
Football War: After Honduras loses a soccer match against El Salvador, riots break out in Honduras against Salvadoran migrant workers.
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1969
The United States $500, $1000, $5000, and $10,000 bills are withdrawn from circulation.
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1976
Capital punishment is abolished in Canada.
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1992
386BSD is released by Lynne Jolitz and William Jolitz beginning the Open Source operating system revolution. Linus Torvalds releases his Linux soon afterwards.
386BSD · Lynne Jolitz · William Jolitz · Open-source software · Operating system
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2002
French President Jacques Chirac escapes an assassination attempt unscathed during Bastille Day celebrations.
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2015
NASA's New Horizons probe performs the first flyby of Pluto, and thus completes the initial survey of the Solar System.
NASA · New Horizons · Pluto · Solar System
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2016
A terrorist vehicular attack in Nice, France kills 86 civilians and injures over 400 others.
Известные рождения
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926
Murakami, emperor of Japan (d. 967)
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1410
Arnold, Duke of Guelders, (d. 1473)
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1448
Philip, Elector Palatine (d. 1508)
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1454
Poliziano, Italian poet and scholar (d. 1494)
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1515
Philip I, Duke of Pomerania (d. 1560)
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1602
Cardinal Mazarin, Italian-French cardinal and politician, 2nd Chief Minister of the French Monarch (d. 1661)
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1608
George Goring, Lord Goring, English general (d. 1657)
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1610
Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1670)
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1634
Pasquier Quesnel, French priest and theologian (d. 1719)
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1671
Jacques d'Allonville, French astronomer and mathematician (d. 1732)
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1675
Claude Alexandre de Bonneval, French general (d. 1747)
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1676
Caspar Abel, German historian, poet, and theologian (d. 1763)
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1696
William Oldys, English historian and author (d. 1761)
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1721
John Douglas, Scottish bishop and scholar (d. 1807)
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1743
Gavrila Derzhavin, Russian poet and politician (d. 1816)
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1755
Michel de Beaupuy, French general (d. 1796)
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1785
Mordecai Manuel Noah, American journalist, playwright, and diplomat (d. 1851)
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1801
Johannes Peter Müller, German physiologist and anatomist (d. 1858)
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1816
Arthur de Gobineau, French author and diplomat (d. 1882)
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1829
Edward Benson, English archbishop (d. 1896)
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1859
Willy Hess, German violinist and educator (d. 1928)
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1861
Kate M. Gordon, American activist (d. 1931)
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1862
Gustav Klimt, Austrian painter and illustrator (d. 1918)
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1865
Arthur Capper, American journalist and politician, 20th Governor of Kansas (d. 1951)
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1866
Juliette Wytsman, Belgian painter (d. 1925)
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1868
Gertrude Bell, English archaeologist and spy (d. 1926)
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1872
Albert Marque, French sculptor and doll maker (d. 1939)
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1874
Abbas II of Egypt (d. 1944)
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1874
Crawford Vaughan, Australian politician, 27th Premier of South Australia (d. 1947)
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1878
Donald Meek, Scottish actor (d. 1946)
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1885
Sisavang Vong, Laotian king (d. 1959)
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1888
Scipio Slataper, Italian author and critic (d. 1915)
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1889
Marco de Gastyne, French painter and illustrator (d. 1982)
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1889
Ante Pavelić, Croatian war criminal and Porajmos perpetrator; 1st Foreign Minister of the Independent State of Croatia (d. 1959)
Ante Pavelić · Porajmos · Foreign Minister of the Independent State of Croatia
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1893
Clarence J. Brown, American publisher and politician, 36th Lieutenant Governor of Ohio (d. 1965)
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1893
Garimella Satyanarayana, Indian poet and author (d. 1952)
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1894
Dave Fleischer, American animator, director, and producer (d. 1979)
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1896
Buenaventura Durruti, Spanish soldier and anarchist (d. 1936)
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1898
Happy Chandler, American lawyer and politician, 49th Governor of Kentucky, second Commissioner of Baseball (d. 1991)
Happy Chandler · Governor of Kentucky · Commissioner of Baseball
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1901
Gerald Finzi, English composer and academic (d. 1956)
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1901
George Tobias, American actor (d. 1980)
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1903
Irving Stone, American author and educator (d. 1989)
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1906
Tom Carvel, Greek-American businessman, founded Carvel (d. 1990)
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1906
William H. Tunner, American general (d. 1983)
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1907
Chico Landi, Brazilian race car driver (d. 1989)
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1910
William Hanna, American animator, director, producer, and actor, co-founded Hanna-Barbera (d. 2001)
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1911
Pavel Prudnikau, Belarusian poet and author (d. 2000)
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1912
Woody Guthrie, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1967)
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1912
Buddy Moreno, American musician (d. 2015)
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1913
Gerald Ford, American commander, lawyer, and politician, 38th President of the United States (d. 2006)
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1918
Ingmar Bergman, Swedish director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2007)
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1918
Arthur Laurents, American director, screenwriter, and playwright (d. 2011)
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1918
Jay Wright Forrester, American computer engineer and systems scientist (d. 2016)
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1920
Shankarrao Chavan, Indian lawyer and politician, Indian Minister of Finance (d. 2004)
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1920
Marijohn Wilkin, American country and gospel songwriter (d. 2006)
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1921
Sixto Durán Ballén, American-Ecuadorian architect and politician, 48th President of Ecuador (d. 2016)
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1921
Leon Garfield, English author (d. 1996)
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1921
Armand Gaudreault, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2013)
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1921
Geoffrey Wilkinson, English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1996)
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1922
Robin Olds, American general and pilot (d. 2007)
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1922
Elfriede Rinkel, German SS officer
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1922
Käbi Laretei, Estonian-Swedish concert pianist (d. 2014)
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1923
Dale Robertson, American actor (d. 2013)
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1923
Robert Zildjian, American businessman, founded Sabian (d. 2013)
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1924
Warren Giese, American football player, coach, and politician (d. 2013)
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1926
Wallace Jones, American basketball player and coach (d. 2014)
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1926
Harry Dean Stanton, American actor, musician, and singer (d. 2017)
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1926
Himayat Ali Shair, Urdu poet
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1927
John Chancellor, American journalist (d. 1996)
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1927
Mike Esposito, American author and illustrator (d. 2010)
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1928
Nancy Olson, American actress
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1928
William Rees-Mogg, English journalist and public servant (d. 2012)
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1930
Polly Bergen, American actress and singer (d. 2014)
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1930
Benoît Sinzogan, Beninese military officer and politician
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1931
Jacqueline de Ribes, French fashion designer and philanthropist
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1931
E. V. Thompson, English police officer and author (d. 2012)
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1932
Rosey Grier, American football player and actor
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1932
Del Reeves, American country singer-songwriter (d. 2007)
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1933
Robert Bourassa, Canadian lawyer and politician, 22nd Premier of Quebec (d. 1996)
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1936
Robert F. Overmyer, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (d. 1996)
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1937
Yoshirō Mori, Japanese journalist and politician, 55th Prime Minister of Japan
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1938
Jerry Rubin, American activist, author, and businessman (d. 1994)
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1938
Tommy Vig, Hungarian vibraphone player, drummer, and composer
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1939
Karel Gott, Czech singer-songwriter and actor
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1939
George Edgar Slusser, American scholar and author (d. 2014)
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1940
Susan Howatch, English author and academic
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1941
Maulana Karenga, American philosopher, author, and activist, created Kwanzaa
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1941
Andreas Khol, German-Austrian lawyer and politician
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1942
Ken Hutcherson, American football player (d. 2013)
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1942
Javier Solana, Spanish physicist and politician, Spanish Minister of Foreign Affairs
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1943
Christopher Priest, English author
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1945
Jim Gordon, American drummer and songwriter
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1946
Sue Lawley, English journalist
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1946
John Wood, Australian actor and screenwriter
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1947
Claudia J. Kennedy, American general
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1947
Salih Neftçi, Turkish economist and author (d. 2009)
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1947
Navin Ramgoolam, Mauritius physician and politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Mauritius
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1948
Goodwill Zwelithini kaBhekuzulu, Zulu king
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1948
Tom Latham, American politician
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1948
Earl Williams, American baseball player (d. 2013)
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1949
Tommy Mottola, American businessman and music publisher
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1950
Bruce Oldfield, English fashion designer
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1952
Bob Casale, American guitarist, keyboard player, and producer (d. 2014)
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1952
Franklin Graham, American evangelist and missionary
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1952
George Lewis, American musician and composer
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1952
Joel Silver, American actor and producer, co-founded Dark Castle Entertainment
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1953
Martha Coakley, American lawyer and politician, 58th Attorney General of Massachusetts
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1955
L. Brent Bozell III, American journalist and activist, founded the Media Research Center
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1958
Mircea Geoană, Romanian politician and diplomat, 97th Romanian Minister of Foreign Affairs
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1959
Aubrey McClendon, American businessman (d. 2016)
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1960
Anna Bligh, Australian politician, 37th Premier of Queensland
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1960
Kyle Gass, American singer-songwriter, musician, and actor
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1960
Jane Lynch, American actress and game show host
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1960
Mike McPhee, Canadian ice hockey player
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1961
Jackie Earle Haley, American actor
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1962
Vanessa Lawrence, English geographer and civil servant
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1963
Jacques Lacombe, Canadian organist and conductor
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1964
Brett Ogle, Australian golfer
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1964
Igor Shpilband, Russian-American ice dancer and coach
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1965
Urmas Kruuse, Estonian lawyer and politician, 41st Mayor of Tartu
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1966
Matthew Fox, American actor
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1966
Matt Hume, American mixed martial artist and trainer
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1966
Brian Selznick, American author and illustrator
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1967
Marios Constantinou, Cypriot footballer and manager
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1967
Jeff Jarrett, American wrestler and promoter, co-founder of Impact Wrestling
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1967
Patrick J. Kennedy, American politician
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1967
Hashan Tillakaratne, Sri Lankan cricketer
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1967
Robin Ventura, American baseball player and manager
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1968
Michael Palmer, Singaporean lawyer and politician, 8th Speaker of the Parliament of Singapore
Michael Palmer (politician) · Speaker of the Parliament of Singapore
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1969
José Hernández, Puerto Rican-American baseball player and coach
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1969
Sven Sester, Estonian politician
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1970
Jacob Young, Norwegian guitarist
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1971
Howard Webb, English footballer and referee
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1973
Tani Fuga, Samoan rugby player
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1973
Paul Methric, American rapper and producer
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1974
Erick Dampier, American basketball player
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1974
David Mitchell, British comedian
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1975
Tim Hudson, American baseball player
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1975
Jamey Johnson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
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1977
Gordon Cree, Scottish singer-songwriter and pianist
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1977
Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden
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1978
Mattias Ekström, Swedish race car driver
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1979
Bernie Castro, Dominican baseball player
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1979
Axel Teichmann, German skier
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1980
George Smith, Australian rugby player
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1981
Robbie Maddison, Australian motorcycle racer
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1982
Dmitry Chaplin, Russian-American dancer and choreographer
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1982
Achille Coser, Italian footballer
-
1983
Igor Andreev, Russian tennis player
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1983
Thomas Howard, American football player (d. 2013)
-
1983
Tito Muñoz, American conductor and academic
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1984
Nilmar, Brazilian footballer
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1984
Renaldo Balkman, American basketball player
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1984
Erica Blasberg, American golfer (d. 2010)
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1984
Lenka Dlhopolcová, Slovak tennis player
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1984
Mounir El Hamdaoui, Moroccan footballer
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1984
Samir Handanović, Slovenian footballer
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1985
Billy Celeski, Australian footballer
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1985
Darrelle Revis, American football player
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1985
Chris Wright, English cricketer
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1986
Alexander Gerndt, Swedish footballer
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1986
Nikolay Kulemin, Russian ice hockey player
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1986
Dan Smith, English singer-songwriter
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1987
Aqeel Ahmed, English director, producer, and screenwriter
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1987
Margus Hunt, Estonian-American football player, discus thrower, and shot putter
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1987
Adam Johnson, English footballer
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1987
Dan Reynolds, American singer-songwriter
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1987
Sean Smith, American football player
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1987
Ryan Sweeting, Bahamian-American tennis player
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1988
Conor McGregor, Irish mixed martial artist
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1988
James Vaughan, English footballer
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1989
Sakari Mattila, Finnish footballer
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1989
Rolando McClain, American football player
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1989
Cyril Rioli, Australian rules footballer
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1991
Shabazz Napier, American basketball player
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1995
Kim Hyo-joo, South Korean golfer
Известные смерти
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664
Eorcenberht, king of Kent
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809
Ōtomo no Otomaro, Japanese general and Shogun (b. 731)
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850
Wei Fu, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty
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937
Arnulf I, duke of Bavaria
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1223
Philip II, king of France (b. 1165)
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1242
Hōjō Yasutoki, regent of Japan (b. 1183)
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1262
Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Gloucester, English soldier (b. 1222)
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1486
Margaret of Denmark, daughter of Christian I of Denmark (b. 1456)
Margaret of Denmark, Queen of Scotland · Christian I of Denmark
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1526
John de Vere, 14th Earl of Oxford, English peer, landowner, and Lord Great Chamberlain of England (b. 1499)
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1575
Richard Taverner, English translator (b. 1505)
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1614
Camillus de Lellis, Italian priest and saint (b. 1550)
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1723
Claude Fleury, French historian and author (b. 1640)
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1742
Richard Bentley, English scholar and theologian (b. 1662)
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1766
František Maxmilián Kaňka, Czech architect (b. 1674)
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1774
James O'Hara, 2nd Baron Tyrawley, Irish field marshal (b. 1682)
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1780
Charles Batteux, French philosopher and academic (b. 1713)
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1789
Jacques de Flesselles, French politician (b. 1721)
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1789
Bernard-René de Launay, French politician (b. 1740)
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1790
Ernst Gideon von Laudon, Austrian field marshal (b. 1717)
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1809
Nicodemus the Hagiorite, Greek monk and saint (b. 1749)
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1816
Francisco de Miranda, Venezuelan general (b. 1750)
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1817
Germaine de Staël, French philosopher and author (b. 1766)
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1827
Augustin-Jean Fresnel, French physicist and engineer (b. 1788)
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1834
Edmond-Charles Genêt, French-American diplomat (b. 1763)
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1850
August Neander, German historian and theologian (b. 1789)
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1856
Edward Vernon Utterson, English lawyer and historian (b. 1775)
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1876
John Buckley, English soldier, Victoria Cross recipient (b. 1813)
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1881
Billy the Kid, American criminal (b. 1859)
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1904
Paul Kruger, South African politician, 5th President of the South African Republic (b. 1824)
Paul Kruger · List of Presidents of the South African Republic
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1907
William Henry Perkin, English chemist and academic (b. 1838)
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1910
Marius Petipa, French dancer and choreographer (b. 1818)
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1917
Octave Lapize, French cyclist (b. 1887)
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1918
Quentin Roosevelt, American lieutenant and pilot (b. 1897)
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1936
Dhan Gopal Mukerji, Indian-American author and scholar (b. 1890)
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1937
Julius Meier, American businessman and politician, 20th Governor of Oregon (b. 1874)
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1939
Alphonse Mucha, Czech painter and illustrator (b. 1860)
-
1954
Jacinto Benavente, Spanish author and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1866)
-
1965
Adlai Stevenson II, American soldier and politician, 5th United States Ambassador to the United Nations (b. 1900)
Adlai Stevenson II · United States Ambassador to the United Nations
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1966
Julie Manet, French painter and art collector (b. 1878)
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1967
Tudor Arghezi, Romanian author and poet (b. 1880)
-
1968
Konstantin Paustovsky, Russian author and poet (b. 1892)
-
1970
Preston Foster, American actor (b. 1900)
-
1973
Ali Kılıç, Turkish captain and politician (b. 1890)
-
1974
Carl Andrew Spaatz, American general (b. 1891)
-
1975
Madan Mohan, Iraqi-Indian composer and conductor (b. 1924)
-
1979
Walter Keppel, 9th Earl of Albemarle, English nobleman and soldier (b. 1882)
-
1984
Ernest Tidyman, American author and screenwriter (b. 1928)
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1986
Raymond Loewy, French-American industrial designer (b. 1893)
-
1989
Frank Bell, English linguist and academic (b. 1916)
-
1991
Constance Stokes, Australian painter (b. 1906)
-
1993
Léo Ferré, Monacan singer-songwriter, pianist, and poet (b. 1916)
-
1994
César Tovar, Venezuelan baseball player (b. 1940)
-
1996
Jeff Krosnoff, American race car driver (b. 1964)
-
1998
Richard McDonald, American businessman, co-founded McDonald's (b. 1909)
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2000
Pepo, Chilean cartoonist (b. 1911)
-
2000
William Roscoe Estep, American historian and academic (b. 1920)
-
2000
Meredith MacRae, American actress (b. 1944)
-
2001
Guy de Lussigny, French painter (b. 1929)
-
2002
Joaquín Balaguer, Dominican lawyer and politician, 41st President of the Dominican Republic (b. 1906)
-
2002
Fritz Glatz, Austrian race car driver (b. 1943)
-
2003
François-Albert Angers, Canadian economist and academic (b. 1909)
-
2005
Joe Harnell, American pianist and composer (b. 1924)
-
2005
Cicely Saunders, English hospice founder (b. 1918)
-
2007
John Ferguson Sr., Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager (b. 1938)
-
2012
John Arbuthnott, 16th Viscount of Arbuthnott, Scottish businessman and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Kincardineshire (b. 1924)
John Arbuthnott, 16th Viscount of Arbuthnott · Lord Lieutenant of Kincardineshire
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2012
Don Brinkley, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1921)
-
2012
Frank R. Burns, American football player and coach (b. 1928)
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2012
King Hill, American football player (b. 1936)
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2012
Sixten Jernberg, Swedish skier (b. 1929)
-
2012
Roy Shaw, English businessman and boxer (b. 1936)
-
2013
Herbert M. Allison, American lieutenant and businessman (b. 1943)
-
2013
Matt Batts, American baseball player and coach (b. 1921)
-
2013
Dennis Burkley, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1945)
-
2013
Bill Warner, American motorcycle racer (b. 1969)
-
2013
Vladimir Mikhailovich Zakharov, Russian dancer and choreographer (b. 1946)
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2014
Alice Coachman, American high jumper (b. 1923)
-
2014
Vange Leonel, Brazilian singer-songwriter and activist (b. 1963)
-
2014
John Victor Parker, American soldier, lawyer, and judge (b. 1928)
-
2015
Willer Bordon, Italian businessman, academic, and politician, Italian Minister of the Environment (b. 1949)
-
2015
Wolf Gremm, German director and producer (b. 1942)
-
2015
Masao Horiba, Japanese businessman, founded Horiba (b. 1924)
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2016
Helena Benitez, Filipino politician, educator and environmentalist (b. 1914)
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2017
Maryam Mirzakhani, Iranian mathematician (b. 1977)