October 25 — В этот день в истории
264 записи
События
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285 (or 286)
Execution of Saints Crispin and Crispinian during the reign of Diocletian, now the patron saints of leather workers, curriers, and shoemakers.
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473
Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II as Caesar of the Byzantine Empire.
Leo I the Thracian · Leo II (emperor) · Caesar (title) · Byzantine Empire
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1147
Seljuk Turks defeat German crusaders under Conrad III at the Battle of Dorylaeum.
Seljuk Turks · Conrad III of Germany · Battle of Dorylaeum (1147)
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1147
Reconquista: After a siege of four months, crusader knights led by Afonso Henriques reconquered Lisbon.
Reconquista · Siege of Lisbon · Afonso I of Portugal · Lisbon
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1415
Hundred Years' War: Henry V of England and his lightly armoured infantry and archers defeat the heavily armoured French cavalry in the Battle of Agincourt on Saint Crispin's Day.
Hundred Years' War · Henry V of England · Infantry · Archery · Cavalry
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1616
Dutch sea-captain Dirk Hartog makes second recorded landfall by a European on Australian soil, at the later-named Dirk Hartog Island off the West Australian coast.
Netherlands · Dirk Hartog · Dirk Hartog Island · Western Australia
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1747
British fleet under Admiral Sir Edward Hawke defeats the French at the Second Battle of Cape Finisterre.
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1760
George III becomes King of Great Britain.
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1812
War of 1812: The American frigate, USS United States, commanded by Stephen Decatur, captures the British frigate HMS Macedonian.
War of 1812 · USS United States (1797) · Stephen Decatur · USS United States vs HMS Macedonian · HMS Macedonian
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1822
Greek War of Independence: The First Siege of Missolonghi begins.
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1828
St Katharine Docks open in London.
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1854
The Battle of Balaclava during the Crimean War (Charge of the Light Brigade).
Battle of Balaclava · Crimean War · Charge of the Light Brigade
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1861
The Toronto Stock Exchange is created.
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1900
The United Kingdom annexes the Transvaal.
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1917
Old Style date of the October Revolution in Russia
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1920
After 74 days on hunger strike in Brixton Prison, England, the Sinn Féin Lord Mayor of Cork, Terence MacSwiney dies.
Hunger strike · Sinn Féin · Lord Mayor of Cork · Terence MacSwiney
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1924
The Zinoviev letter, which Zinoviev himself denied writing, is published in the Daily Mail; the Labour party would later blame this letter for the Conservatives' landslide election win.
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1927
The Italian luxury liner SS Principessa Mafalda sinks off the coast of Brazil, killing 314.
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1940
Benjamin O. Davis, Sr. is named the first African American general in the United States Army.
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1944
Heinrich Himmler orders a crackdown on the Edelweiss Pirates, a loosely organized youth culture in Nazi Germany that had assisted army deserters and others to hide from the Third Reich.
Heinrich Himmler · Edelweiss Pirates · Youth culture · Nazi Germany · Third Reich
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1944
The USS Tang under Richard O'Kane (the top American submarine captain of World War II) is sunk by the ship's own malfunctioning torpedo.
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1944
World War II: Battle of Leyte Gulf: The largest naval battle in history, takes place in and around the Philippines between the Imperial Japanese Navy and the U.S. Third and U.S. Seventh Fleets. Afterward is the first Kamikaze attack of the war.
World War II · Battle of Leyte Gulf · Naval battle · Philippines · Imperial Japanese Navy
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1945
The Republic of China takes over administration of Taiwan following Japan's surrender to the Allies.
Republic of China (1912-49) · Taiwan · Allies of World War II
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1962
Cuban Missile Crisis: Adlai Stevenson shows photos at a meeting of the United Nations Security Council proving that Soviet missiles are installed in Cuba.
Cuban Missile Crisis · Adlai Stevenson II · United Nations Security Council · Soviet Union · Cuba
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1971
The United Nations seats the People's Republic of China and expels the Republic of China (see political status of Taiwan and China and the United Nations).
United Nations · Republic of China · Political status of Taiwan · China and the United Nations
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1973
Yom Kippur War officially ends with a ceasefire.
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1977
Digital Equipment Corporation releases OpenVMS V1.0.
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1980
Proceedings on the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction conclude at The Hague.
Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction · The Hague
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1983
Operation Urgent Fury: The United States and its Caribbean allies invade Grenada, six days after Prime Minister Maurice Bishop and several of his supporters are executed in a coup d'état.
Invasion of Grenada · Grenada · Prime Minister of Grenada · Maurice Bishop · Capital punishment
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1995
A commuter train slams into a school bus in Fox River Grove, Illinois, killing seven students.
1995 Fox River Grove bus-train collision · Fox River Grove, Illinois
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1997
After a brief civil war which has driven President Pascal Lissouba out of Brazzaville, Denis Sassou Nguesso proclaims himself the President of the Republic of the Congo.
Republic of the Congo Civil War (1997-99) · Pascal Lissouba · Brazzaville · Denis Sassou Nguesso · Republic of the Congo
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2009
The October 2009 Baghdad bombings kills 155 and wounds at least 721.
Известные рождения
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840
Ya'qub ibn al-Layth al-Saffar, founder of the Saffarid dynasty (d. 879)
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1102
William Clito, French son of Sybilla of Conversano (d. 1128)
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1330
Louis II, Count of Flanders (d. 1384)
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1445
Fulk Bourchier, 10th Baron FitzWarin, English Baron (d. 1479)
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1510
Renée of France (d. 1574)
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1612
James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose, Scottish soldier (d. 1650)
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1683
Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Grafton, English-Irish politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (d. 1757)
Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Grafton · Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
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1709
Georg Gebel, German organist and composer (d. 1753)
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1759
Maria Feodorovna, Russian wife of Paul I of Russia (d. 1828)
Maria Feodorovna (Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg) · Paul I of Russia
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1759
William Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville, English academic and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1834)
William Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville · Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
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1767
Benjamin Constant, Swiss-French philosopher and politician (d. 1830)
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1772
Géraud Duroc, French general and diplomat (d. 1813)
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1782
Levi Lincoln, Jr., American lawyer and politician, 13th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1868)
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1800
Thomas Babington Macaulay, 1st Baron Macaulay, English poet, historian, and politician, Secretary at War (d. 1859)
Thomas Babington Macaulay, 1st Baron Macaulay · Secretary at War
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1802
Richard Parkes Bonington, English painter (d. 1828)
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1802
Joseph Montferrand, Canadian logger and strongman (d. 1864)
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1806
Max Stirner, German philosopher and author (d. 1856)
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1811
Évariste Galois, French mathematician and theorist (d. 1832)
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1815
Camillo Sivori, Italian virtuoso violinist and composer (d. 1894)
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1825
Johann Strauss II, Austrian composer and educator (d. 1899)
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1838
Georges Bizet, French pianist and composer (d. 1875)
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1840
Helen Blanchard, American inventor (d. 1922)
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1856
Dragutin Gorjanović-Kramberger, Croatian geologist, paleontologist, and archaeologist (d. 1936)
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1864
John Francis Dodge, American businessman, co-founded the Dodge Company (d. 1920)
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1864
Alexander Gretchaninov, Russian-American pianist and composer (d. 1956)
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1866
Thomas Armat, American mechanic and inventor (d. 1948)
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1867
Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki, Polish general (d. 1937)
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1868
Dan Burke, American baseball player (d. 1933)
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1868
Oskar Kallas, Estonian linguist and diplomat (d. 1946)
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1874
Huang Xing, Chinese revolutionary leader and statesman (d. 1916)
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1875
Carolyn Sherwin Bailey, American author and educator (d. 1961)
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1881
Pablo Picasso, Spanish painter and sculptor (d. 1973)
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1882
John T. Flynn, American journalist and author (d. 1964)
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1882
Tony Jackson, American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 1921)
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1886
Leo G. Carroll, English-American actor (d. 1972)
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1888
Richard E. Byrd, American admiral and pilot (d. 1957)
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1888
Nils Dardel, Swedish-American painter (d. 1943)
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1889
Abel Gance, French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1981)
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1889
Smoky Joe Wood, American baseball player and coach (d. 1985)
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1891
Charles Coughlin, Canadian-American priest and radio host (d. 1979)
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1892
Nell Shipman, Canadian-American actress, screenwriter, and producer (d. 1970)
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1892
Margaret Ingels, American mechanical engineer (d. 1971)
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1894
Claude Cahun, French photographer and sculptor (d. 1954)
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1894
Âşık Veysel Şatıroğlu, Turkish poet and songwriter (d. 1973)
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1895
Levi Eshkol, Ukrainian-Israeli soldier and politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Israel (d. 1969)
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1900
Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti, Nigerian educator and activist (d. 1978)
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1902
Henry Steele Commager, American historian and author (d. 1998)
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1903
Katharine Byron, American lawyer and politician (d. 1976)
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1903
Harry Shoulberg, American painter and illustrator (d. 1995)
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1904
Cemal Reşit Rey, Turkish pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1985)
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1904
Denny Shute, American golfer (d. 1974)
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1908
Edmond Pidoux, Swiss author and poet (d. 2004)
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1910
William Higinbotham, American physicist and video game designer (d. 1994)
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1912
Jack Kent Cooke, Canadian-American businessman and philanthropist (d. 1997)
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1912
Minnie Pearl, American entertainer and philanthropist (d. 1996)
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1913
Klaus Barbie, German SS captain (d. 1991)
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1914
John Berryman, American poet and scholar (d. 1972)
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1915
Ivan M. Niven, Canadian-American mathematician and academic (d. 1999)
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1917
Lee MacPhail, American baseball player and manager (d. 2012)
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1917
Dmitry Polyansky, First Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union (d. 2001)
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1918
Chubby Jackson, American bassist and bandleader (d. 2003)
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1919
Rico Alaniz, Mexican-born American film and television actor (d. 2015)
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1921
Michael I of Romania
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1923
Don Banks, Australian composer and educator (d. 1980)
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1923
Beate Sirota Gordon, Austrian-American director and producer (d. 2012)
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1923
Bobby Thomson, Scottish-American baseball player (d. 2010)
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1924
Billy Barty, American actor (d. 2000)
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1924
Earl Palmer, American Hall of Fame drummer (d. 2008)
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1925
Emmett Chappelle, American scientist and inventor
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1926
Ismail Gulgee, Pakistani painter and sculptor (d. 2007)
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1926
Jimmy Heath, American saxophonist and composer
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1926
Galina Vishnevskaya, Russian-American soprano and actress (d. 2012)
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1927
Barbara Cook, American singer and actress (d. 2017)
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1927
Jorge Batlle Ibáñez, Uruguayan lawyer and politician, 32nd President of Uruguay (d. 2016)
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1927
Lawrence Kohlberg, American psychologist and author (d. 1987)
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1928
Jeanne Cooper, American actress (d. 2013)
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1928
Anthony Franciosa, American actor (d. 2006)
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1928
Peter Naur, Danish computer scientist, astronomer, and academic (d. 2016)
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1928
Marion Ross, American actress
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1929
Peter Loader, English cricketer (d. 2011)
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1930
Harold Brodkey, American author and academic (d. 1996)
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1931
Annie Girardot, French actress and singer (d. 2011)
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1931
Jimmy McIlroy, Irish footballer and manager
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1933
Ron Archer, Australian cricketer and businessman (d. 2007)
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1933
Eugene Gordon Lee, American actor and singer (d. 2005)
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1934
Joe Mercer, English jockey and manager
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1935
Rusty Schweickart, American soldier, pilot, and astronaut
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1935
Sam Taylor, American singer-songwriter (d. 2009)
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1936
Martin Gilbert, English historian, author, and academic (d. 2015)
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1936
Masako Nozawa, Japanese actress and singer
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1937
Jeanne Black, American country music singer (d. 2014)
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1937
Roberto Menescal, Brazilian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
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1939
Zelmo Beaty, American basketball player and coach (d. 2013)
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1939
Fred Marcellino, American author and illustrator (d. 2001)
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1939
Nikos Nikolaidis, Greek director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2007)
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1939
Robin Spry, Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2005)
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1940
Jimmy Herman, Canadian actor (d. 2013)
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1940
Bob Knight, American basketball player and coach
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1941
Lynda Benglis, American sculptor and painter
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1941
Helen Reddy, Australian-American singer-songwriter and actress
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1941
Anne Tyler, American author and critic
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1944
Azizan Abdul Razak, Malaysian politician, 10th Menteri Besar of Kedah (d. 2013)
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1944
Jon Anderson, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
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1944
James Carville, American lawyer and political consultant
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1944
Ron Coote, Australian rugby league player and businessman
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1944
Fred Housego, Scottish-English taxi driver and game show host
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1944
Kati Kovács, Hungarian singer-songwriter and actress
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1944
Taffy Nivert, American singer-songwriter (Starland Vocal Band)
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1945
Peter Ledger, Australian-American painter and illustrator (d. 1994)
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1945
Phil "Fang" Volk, American musician, singer-songwriter, and record producer (Paul Revere & the Raiders)
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1946
Yazzie Johnson, Navajo artist
Известные смерти
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625
Pope Boniface V
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686
Prince Ōtsu of Japan (b. 663)
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912
Rudolph I, king of Burgundy (b. 859)
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1047
Magnus the Good, Norwegian king (b. 1024)
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1053
Enguerrand II, Count of Ponthieu
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1154
Stephen, King of England (b. 1096)
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1180
John of Salisbury, French bishop (b. c. 1120)
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1200
Conrad of Wittelsbach, German cardinal (b. 1120)
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1230
Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Gloucester, English soldier (b. 1180)
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1292
Robert Burnell, Lord Chancellor of England
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1349
James III of Majorca (b. 1315)
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1359
Beatrice of Castile, queen consort of Portugal (b. 1293)
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1400
Geoffrey Chaucer, English philosopher, poet, and author (b. 1343)
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1415
Charles I of Albret
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1415
Philip II, Count of Nevers (b. 1389)
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1415
Frederick I, Count of Vaudémont (b. 1371)
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1415
Jean I, Duke of Alençon (b. 1385)
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1415
Anthony, Duke of Brabant (b. 1384)
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1415
Michael de la Pole, 3rd Earl of Suffolk, English soldier (b. 1394)
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1415
Edward of Norwich, 2nd Duke of York, English politician (b. 1373)
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1415
Dafydd Gam, Welsh nobleman (b. c. 1380)
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1478
Catherine of Bosnia (b. 1425)
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1492
Thaddeus McCarthy, Irish bishop (b. 1455)
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1495
John II of Portugal (b. 1455)
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1514
William Elphinstone, Scottish bishop and academic, founded University of Aberdeen (b. 1431)
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1557
William Cavendish, English courtier and civil servant (b. 1505)
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1647
Evangelista Torricelli, Italian physicist and mathematician (b. 1608)
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1651
Saint Job of Pochayiv, Ukrainian Orthodox Christian saint (b. 1551)
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1683
William Scroggs, English judge and politician, Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales (b. 1623)
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1733
Giovanni Girolamo Saccheri, Italian priest, mathematician, and philosopher (b. 1667)
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1757
Antoine Augustin Calmet, French monk and theologian (b. 1672)
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1760
George II of Great Britain (b. 1683)
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1773
Johann Georg Estor, German historian and theorist (b. 1699)
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1806
Henry Knox, American general and politician, 2nd United States Secretary of War (b. 1750)
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1826
Philippe Pinel, French physician and psychiatrist (b. 1745)
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1833
Abbas Mirza, Persian prince (b. 1789)
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1851
Giorgio Pullicino, Maltese painter and architect (b. 1779)
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1852
John C. Clark, American lawyer and politician (b. 1793)
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1879
Nachum Kaplan, Belarusian rabbi and philanthropist (b. 1811)
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1889
Émile Augier, French playwright (b. 1820)
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1895
Charles Hallé, German-English pianist and conductor (b. 1819)
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1902
Frank Norris, American journalist and novelist (b. 1870)
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1910
Willie Anderson, Scottish-American golfer (b. 1878)
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1916
William Merritt Chase, American painter and educator (b. 1849)
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1919
William Kidston, Scottish-Australian politician, 17th Premier of Queensland (b. 1849)
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1920
Alexander of Greece (b. 1893)
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1920
Terence MacSwiney, Irish playwright and politician, Lord Mayor of Cork (b. 1879)
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1921
Bat Masterson, American lawman, buffalo hunter, and sport writer (b. 1853)
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1924
Ziya Gökalp, Turkish sociologist, poet, and activist (b. 1876)
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1938
Alfonsina Storni, Swiss-Argentinian poet and author (b. 1892)
-
1940
Thomas Waddell, Irish-Australian politician, 15th Premier of New South Wales (b. 1854)
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1941
Franz von Werra, Swiss-German captain and pilot (b. 1914)
-
1945
Robert Ley, German politician (b. 1890)
-
1949
Mary Ackworth Orr Evershed, English astronomer and Dante scholar (b. 1867)
-
1953
Holger Pedersen, Danish linguist and academic (b. 1867)
-
1957
Albert Anastasia, Italian-American mob boss (b. 1902)
-
1957
Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany, English-Irish author, poet, and playwright (b. 1878)
-
1960
Harry Ferguson, Irish-English engineer, founded the Ferguson Company (b. 1884)
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1963
Roger Désormière, French conductor and composer (b. 1898)
-
1967
Margaret Ayer Barnes, American author and playwright (b. 1886)
-
1969
Ellinor Aiki, Estonian painter (b. 1893)
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1970
Ülo Sooster, Estonian painter (b. 1924)
-
1972
Johnny Mantz, American racing driver (b. 1918)
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1973
Abebe Bikila, Ethiopian runner (b. 1932)
-
1973
Cleo Moore, American actress (b. 1928)
-
1973
Robert Scholl, German accountant and politician (b. 1891)
-
1974
Fahrettin Altay, Turkish general (b. 1880)
-
1975
Vladimir Herzog, Brazilian journalist and activist (b. 1937)
-
1976
Raymond Queneau, French poet and author (b. 1903)
-
1979
Gerald Templer, English field marshal and politician, British High Commissioner in Malaya (b. 1898)
Gerald Templer · List of High Commissioners of the United Kingdom to Malaya
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1980
Virgil Fox, American organist and educator (b. 1912)
-
1980
Sahir Ludhianvi, Indian poet and songwriter (b. 1921)
-
1982
Arvid Wallman, Swedish diver (b. 1901)
-
1985
Gary Holton, English singer-songwriter (b. 1952)
-
1986
Forrest Tucker, American actor (b. 1919)
-
1989
Mary McCarthy, American novelist and critic (b. 1912)
-
1991
Bill Graham, German-American concert promoter (b. 1931)
-
1992
Roger Miller, American singer-songwriter and actor (b. 1936)
-
1992
Richard Pousette-Dart, American painter and educator (b. 1916)
-
1993
Danny Chan, Hong Kong singer-songwriter, producer, and actor (b. 1958)
-
1993
Vincent Price, American actor (b. 1911)
-
1994
Kara Hultgreen, American lieutenant and pilot (b. 1965)
-
1994
Mildred Natwick, American actress (b. 1905)
-
1995
Viveca Lindfors, Swedish actress (b. 1920)
-
1995
Bobby Riggs, American tennis player (b. 1918)
-
1998
Warren Wiebe, American singer and bass player (b. 1953)
-
1999
Payne Stewart, American golfer (b. 1957)
-
2000
Mochitsura Hashimoto, Japanese commander (b. 1909)
-
2000
Nejat Saydam, Turkish actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1929)
-
2002
Richard Harris, Irish actor and singer (b. 1930)
-
2002
René Thom, French mathematician and biologist (b. 1923)
-
2002
Paul Wellstone, American academic and politician (b. 1944)
-
2003
Pandurang Shastri Athavale, Indian spiritual leader and philosopher (b. 1920)
-
2003
Veikko Hakulinen, Finnish skier and technician (b. 1925)
-
2003
Behram Kurşunoğlu, Turkish-American physicist and academic (b. 1922)
-
2003
Robert Strassburg, American conductor and composer (b. 1915)
-
2004
John Peel, English radio host and producer (b. 1939)
-
2005
Wellington Mara, American commander and businessman (b. 1916)
-
2010
Lisa Blount, American actress (b. 1957)
-
2010
Gregory Isaacs, Jamaican-English singer-songwriter (b. 1951)
-
2010
Vesna Parun, Croatian poet and author (b. 1922)
-
2012
Jacques Barzun, French-American historian and author (b. 1907)
-
2012
Jaspal Bhatti, Indian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1955)
-
2012
John Connelly, English footballer (b. 1938)
-
2012
Aung Gyi, Burmese general and politician (b. 1919)
-
2012
Les Mueller, American baseball player (b. 1919)
-
2012
Emanuel Steward, American boxer, trainer, and sportscaster (b. 1944)
-
2013
Ron Ackland, New Zealand rugby player and coach (b. 1934)
-
2013
Arthur Danto, American philosopher and critic (b. 1924)
-
2013
Nicholas Hunt, Welsh-English admiral (b. 1930)
-
2013
Hal Needham, American actor, stuntman, director, and screenwriter (b. 1931)
-
2013
Paul Reichmann, Austrian-Canadian businessman, founded Olympia and York (b. 1930)
-
2013
Bill Sharman, American basketball player and coach (b. 1926)
-
2013
Marcia Wallace, American actress and comedian (b. 1942)
-
2014
Jack Bruce, Scottish-English singer-songwriter and bass player (b. 1943)
-
2014
Carlos Morales Troncoso, Dominican lawyer and politician, 34th Vice President of the Dominican Republic (b. 1940)
Carlos Morales Troncoso · List of Vice Presidents of the Dominican Republic
-
2015
David Cesarani, English historian and author (b. 1956)
-
2015
Lisa Jardine, English historian, author, and academic (b. 1944)
-
2015
Cecil Lolo, South African footballer (b. 1988)
-
2015
Flip Saunders, American basketball player and coach (b. 1955)
-
2016
Carlos Alberto Torres, Brazilian football player and manager (b. 1944)