June 7 — Ce Jour-là dans l'Histoire
281 entrées
Événements
-
421
Emperor Theodosius II marries Aelia Eudocia. The wedding was celebrated at Constantinople (Byzantine Empire).
Theodosius II · Aelia Eudocia · Wedding · Istanbul · Byzantine Empire
-
879
Pope John VIII recognizes the Duchy of Croatia under duke Branimir as an independent state.
-
1099
First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins.
-
1420
Troops of the Republic of Venice capture Udine, ending the independence of the Patria del Friuli.
-
1494
Spain and Portugal sign the Treaty of Tordesillas which divides the New World between the two countries.
-
1628
The Petition of Right, a major English constitutional document, is granted the Royal Assent by Charles I and becomes law.
Petition of Right · Fundamental Laws of England · Royal Assent · Charles I of England
-
1654
Louis XIV is crowned King of France.
-
1692
Port Royal, Jamaica, is hit by a catastrophic earthquake; in just three minutes, 1,600 people are killed and 3,000 are seriously injured.
-
1776
Richard Henry Lee presents the "Lee Resolution" to the Continental Congress. The motion is seconded by John Adams and will lead to the United States Declaration of Independence.
Richard Henry Lee · Lee Resolution · Continental Congress · John Adams · United States Declaration of Independence
-
1788
French Revolution: Day of the Tiles: Civilians in Grenoble toss roof tiles and various objects down upon royal troops.
-
1800
David Thompson reaches the mouth of the Saskatchewan River in Manitoba.
-
1810
The newspaper Gazeta de Buenos Ayres is first published in Argentina.
-
1832
Asian cholera reaches Quebec, brought by Irish immigrants, and kills about 6,000 people in Lower Canada.
1829-51 cholera pandemic · Quebec · Irish Canadian · Lower Canada
-
1862
The United States and the United Kingdom agree in the Lyons-Seward Treaty to suppress the African slave trade.
-
1863
During the French intervention in Mexico, Mexico City is captured by French troops.
-
1866
One thousand eight hundred Fenian raiders are repelled back to the United States after looting and plundering the Saint-Armand and Frelighsburg areas of Quebec.
Fenian · Saint-Armand, Quebec · Frelighsburg, Quebec · Quebec
-
1880
War of the Pacific: The Battle of Arica, the assault and capture of Morro de Arica (Arica Cape), ends the Campaña del Desierto (Desert Campaign).
-
1892
Homer Plessy is arrested for refusing to leave his seat in the "whites-only" car of a train; he lost the resulting court case, Plessy v. Ferguson.
-
1899
American Temperance crusader Carrie Nation begins her campaign of vandalizing alcohol-serving establishments by destroying the inventory in a saloon in Kiowa, Kansas.
Temperance movement in the United States · Carrie Nation · Vandalism · Kiowa, Kansas
-
1905
Norway's parliament dissolves its union with Sweden. The vote was confirmed by a national plebiscite on August 13 of that year.
Dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden · Union between Sweden and Norway · Plebiscite · August 13
-
1906
Cunard Line's RMS Lusitania is launched from the John Brown Shipyard, Glasgow (Clydebank), Scotland.
Cunard Line · RMS Lusitania · John Brown Shipyard · Glasgow · Clydebank
-
1917
World War I: Battle of Messines: Allied soldiers detonate a series of mines underneath German trenches at Messines Ridge, killing 10,000 German troops.
Battle of Messines (1917) · Mines in the Battle of Messines (1917)
-
1919
Sette Giugno: Nationalist riots break out in Valletta, the capital of Malta. British soldiers fire into the crowd, killing four people.
-
1929
The Lateran Treaty is ratified, bringing Vatican City into existence.
-
1938
The Douglas DC-4E makes its first test flight.
-
1938
Second Sino-Japanese War: The Chinese Nationalist government creates the 1938 Yellow River flood to halt Japanese forces. Five hundred to nine hundred thousand civilians are killed.
Second Sino-Japanese War · Kuomintang · 1938 Yellow River flood · Imperial Japanese Army
-
1940
King Haakon VII, Crown Prince Olav and the Norwegian government leave Tromsø and goes into exile in London. They return exactly five years later
-
1942
World War II: The Battle of Midway ends in American victory.
-
1942
World War II: Aleutian Islands Campaign: Imperial Japanese soldiers begin occupying the American islands of Attu and Kiska, in the Aleutian Islands off Alaska.
Aleutian Islands Campaign · Empire of Japan · Attu Island · Kiska · Aleutian Islands
- 1944
-
1944
World War II: Battle of Normandy: At Ardenne Abbey, members of the SS Division Hitlerjugend massacre 23 Canadian prisoners of war.
Invasion of Normandy · Ardenne Abbey · SS Division Hitlerjugend · Ardenne Abbey massacre · Prisoners of war
-
1946
BBC One, the main channel of the United Kingdom's BBC returns to airing after being off air for 7 years due to the Second World War.
-
1948
Edvard Beneš resigns as President of Czechoslovakia rather than signing the Ninth-of-May Constitution, making his nation a Communist state.
Edvard Beneš · List of Presidents of Czechoslovakia · Czechoslovakia · Ninth-of-May Constitution · Communist state
-
1955
Lux Radio Theatre signs off the air permanently. The show launched in New York in 1934, and featured radio adaptations of Broadway shows and popular films.
-
1962
the Organisation Armée Secrète (OAS) sets fire to the University of Algiers library building, destroying about 500,000 books.
-
1965
The Supreme Court of the United States hands down its decision in Griswold v. Connecticut, prohibiting the states from criminalizing the use of contraception by married couples.
Supreme Court of the United States · Griswold v. Connecticut · Contraception
-
1967
Six-Day War: Israeli soldiers enter Jerusalem.
-
1971
The United States Supreme Court overturns the conviction of Paul Cohen for disturbing the peace, setting the precedent that vulgar writing is protected under the First Amendment to the United States Constitution.
Cohen v. California · First Amendment to the United States Constitution
-
1971
The Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms Division of the U.S. Internal Revenue Service raids the home of Ken Ballew for illegal possession of hand grenades.
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives · Internal Revenue Service · Ken Ballew raid · Hand grenade
-
1977
Five hundred million people watch the high day of the Silver Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II begin on television.
-
1981
The Israeli Air Force destroys Iraq's Osiraq nuclear reactor during Operation Opera.
Israeli Air Force · Iraq · Nuclear reactor · Operation Opera
-
1982
Priscilla Presley opens Graceland to the public; the bathroom where Elvis Presley died five years earlier is kept off-limits.
-
1989
Surinam Airways Flight 764 crashes on approach to Paramaribo-Zanderij International Airport in Suriname because of pilot error, killing 176 of 187 aboard.
Surinam Airways Flight 764 · Paramaribo-Zanderij International Airport · Suriname
-
1991
Mount Pinatubo erupts, generating an ash column 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) high.
-
2000
The United Nations defines the Blue Line as the border between Israel and Lebanon.
-
2013
A bus catches fire in the Chinese city of Xiamen, killing at least 47 people and injuring more than 34 others.
-
2013
A gunman opens fire at Santa Monica College in Santa Monica, California, after setting a house on fire nearby, killing six people, including the suspect.
2013 Santa Monica shooting · Santa Monica College · Santa Monica, California
-
2014
At least 37 people are killed in an attack in the Democratic Republic of the Congo's South Kivu province.
2014 South Kivu attack · Democratic Republic of the Congo · South Kivu
Naissances Célèbres
-
156 BC
Emperor Wu of Han (d. 87 BC)
-
939
Emperor Taizong of Song (d. 997)
-
1003
Emperor Jingzong of Western Xia (d. 1048)
-
1082
Emperor Huizong of Song (d. 1135)
-
1422
Federico da Montefeltro, Italian son of Guidantonio da Montefeltro (d. 1482)
-
1502
John III of Portugal (d. 1557)
-
1529
Étienne Pasquier, French lawyer and jurist (d. 1615)
-
1570
Sultan Murad Mirza, Mughal prince (d. 1599)
-
1687
Gaetano Berenstadt, Italian actor and singer (d. 1734)
-
1702
Louis George, Margrave of Baden-Baden (d. 1761)
-
1757
Georgiana Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire (d. 1806)
-
1761
John Rennie the Elder, Scottish engineer (d. 1821)
-
1770
Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1828)
Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool · Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
-
1778
Beau Brummell, English cricketer and fashion designer (d. 1840)
-
1811
James Young Simpson, Scottish obstetrician (d. 1870)
-
1831
Amelia Edwards, English journalist and author (d. 1892)
-
1837
Alois Hitler, Austrian civil servant (d. 1903)
-
1840
Carlota of Mexico (d. 1927)
-
1845
Leopold Auer, Hungarian violinist, composer, and conductor (d. 1930)
-
1848
Paul Gauguin, French painter and sculptor (d. 1903)
-
1851
Ture Malmgren, Swedish journalist and politician (d. 1922)
-
1862
Philipp Lenard, Slovak-German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1947)
-
1863
Bones Ely, American baseball player and manager (d. 1952)
-
1868
Charles Rennie Mackintosh, Scottish painter and architect (d. 1928)
-
1877
Roelof Klein, Dutch-American rower and engineer (d. 1960)
-
1879
Knud Rasmussen, Danish anthropologist and explorer (d. 1933)
-
1879
Joan Voûte, Dutch astronomer and academic (d. 1963)
-
1884
Ester Claesson, Swedish landscape architect.
-
1883
Sylvanus Morley, American archaeologist and scholar (d. 1948)
-
1886
Henri Coandă, Romanian engineer, designed the Coandă-1910 (d. 1972)
-
1888
Clarence DeMar, American runner and educator (d. 1958)
-
1892
Leo Reise, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1975)
-
1893
Gillis Grafström, Swedish figure skater and architect (d. 1938)
-
1894
Alexander P. de Seversky, Georgian-American pilot and engineer, co-designed the Republic P-47 Thunderbolt (d. 1974)
-
1896
Douglas Campbell, American lieutenant and pilot (d. 1990)
-
1896
Robert S. Mulliken, American physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1986)
-
1896
Imre Nagy, Hungarian soldier and politician, 44th Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 1958)
-
1897
George Szell, Hungarian-American conductor and composer (d. 1970)
-
1899
Elizabeth Bowen, Anglo-Irish author and critic (d. 1973)
-
1902
Georges Van Parys, French composer (d. 1971)
-
1902
Herman B. Wells, American banker, author, and academic (d. 2000)
-
1905
James J. Braddock, American lieutenant and boxer (d. 1974)
-
1906
Glen Gray, American saxophonist and bandleader (d. 1963)
-
1907
Sigvard Bernadotte, Count of Wisborg (d. 2002)
-
1909
Virginia Apgar, American anesthesiologist and pediatrician, developed the Apgar test (d. 1974)
-
1909
Peter W. Rodino, American captain, lawyer, and politician (d. 2005)
-
1909
Jessica Tandy, English-American actress (d. 1994)
-
1910
Arthur Gardner, American actor and producer (d. 2014)
-
1910
Mike Sebastian, American football player and coach (d. 1989)
-
1910
Bradford Washburn, American mountaineer, photographer, and cartographer (d. 2007)
-
1910
Marion Post Wolcott, American photographer (d. 1990)
-
1911
Brooks Stevens, American engineer and designer, designed the Wienermobile (d. 1995)
-
1912
Jacques Hélian, French bandleader (d. 1986)
-
1917
Gwendolyn Brooks, American poet (d. 2000)
-
1917
Dean Martin, American singer, actor, and producer (d. 1995)
-
1920
Georges Marchais, French mechanic and politician (d. 1997)
-
1921
Myrtle Edwards, Australian cricketer and softball player (d. 2010)
-
1921
Brian Talboys, New Zealand politician, 7th Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 2012)
-
1922
Leo Reise, Jr., Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2015)
-
1923
Jules Deschênes, Canadian lawyer and judge (d. 2000)
-
1925
Ernestina Herrera de Noble, Argentine publisher and executive (d. 2017)
-
1926
Jean-Noël Tremblay, Canadian lawyer and politician
-
1927
Charles de Tornaco, Belgian race car driver (d. 1953)
-
1927
Paul Salamunovich, American conductor and educator (d. 2014)
-
1928
Dave Bowen, Welsh footballer and manager (d. 1995)
-
1928
James Ivory, American director, producer, and screenwriter
-
1928
Randolph Turpin, English boxer (d. 1966)
-
1929
Ernie Roth, American wrestling manager (d. 1983)
-
1929
John Turner, Canadian lawyer and politician, 17th Prime Minister of Canada
-
1931
Virginia McKenna, English actress and author
-
1932
Per Maurseth, Norwegian historian, academic, and politician (d. 2013)
-
1935
Harry Crews, American novelist, playwright, short story writer, and essayist (d. 2012)
-
1938
Ian St John, Scottish footballer and manager
-
1939
Yuli Turovsky, Russian-Canadian cellist, conductor and educator (d. 2013)
-
1940
Tom Jones, Welsh singer and actor
-
1940
Ronald Pickup, English actor
-
1944
Annette Lu, Taiwanese lawyer and politician, 8th Vice President of the Republic of China
-
1944
Clarence White, American guitarist and singer (The Byrds) (d. 1973)
-
1945
Gilles Marotte, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2005)
-
1945
John Olsen, Australian politician, 42nd Premier of South Australia
-
1945
Wolfgang Schüssel, Austrian lawyer and politician, 26th Chancellor of Austria
-
1947
Don Money, American baseball player and coach
-
1947
Thurman Munson, American baseball player (d. 1979)
-
1948
Jim Walton, American businessman
-
1952
Liam Neeson, Irish-American actor
-
1952
Orhan Pamuk, Turkish-American novelist, screenwriter, and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
-
1953
Johnny Clegg, English-South African singer-songwriter and guitarist
-
1954
Louise Erdrich, American novelist and poet
-
1955
William Forsythe, American actor and producer
-
1955
Tim Richmond, American race car driver (d. 1989)
-
1956
L.A. Reid, American songwriter and producer, co-founded LaFace Records
-
1957
Juan Luis Guerra, Dominican singer-songwriter and producer
-
1958
Prince, American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, producer, and actor (d. 2016)
-
1958
Surakiart Sathirathai, Thai politician and diplomat
-
1959
Mike Pence, 48th Vice President of the United States
-
1960
Bill Prady, American screenwriter and producer
-
1961
Dave Catching, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer
-
1962
Thierry Hazard, French singer-songwriter
-
1962
Takuya Kurosawa, Japanese race car driver
-
1963
Roberto Alagna, French-Italian tenor and actor)
-
1963
Gordon Gano, American musician, vocalist of the Violent Femmes
-
1964
Gia Carides, Australian actress
-
1964
Graeme Labrooy, Sri Lankan cricketer
-
1965
Mick Foley, American wrestler, actor, and author
-
1965
Jean-Pierre François, French footballer and singer
-
1965
Damien Hirst, English painter and art collector
-
1966
Eric Kretz, American drummer, songwriter, and producer
-
1966
Tom McCarthy, American director, screenwriter and actor
-
1966
Stéphane Richer, Canadian ice hockey player
-
1967
Dave Navarro, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
-
1970
Helen Baxendale, English actress
-
1970
Cafu, Brazilian footballer
-
1970
Andrei Kovalenko, Russian ice hockey player
-
1970
Mike Modano, American ice hockey player
-
1971
Alex Mooney, American lawyer and politician
-
1974
Bear Grylls, English adventurer, author, and television host
-
1975
Allen Iverson, American basketball player
-
1976
Necro, American rapper, producer, and director
-
1976
Mirsad Türkcan, Turkish basketball player
-
1977
Marcin Baszczyński, Polish footballer
-
1978
Mini Andén, Swedish-American model, actress, and producer
-
1978
Bill Hader, American actor, comedian, and screenwriter
-
1979
Kevin Hofland, Dutch footballer
-
1979
Anna Torv, Australian actress
-
1980
Ed Moses, American swimmer
-
1981
Stephen Bywater, English footballer
-
1981
Anna Kournikova, Russian tennis player
-
1981
Kevin Kyle, Scottish footballer
-
1981
Larisa Oleynik, American actress
-
1983
Milan Jurčina, Slovak ice hockey player
-
1983
Piotr Małachowski, Polish discus thrower
-
1984
Ari Koivunen, Finnish singer-songwriter
-
1985
Arkadiusz Piech, Polish footballer
-
1985
Charlie Simpson, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
-
1985
Richard Thompson, Trinidadian sprinter
-
1986
Keegan Bradley, American golfer
-
1988
Michael Cera, Canadian actor
-
1988
Milan Lucic, Canadian ice hockey player
-
1990
Iggy Azalea, Australian rapper
-
1990
T. J. Brodie, Canadian ice hockey player
-
1990
Allison Schmitt, American swimmer
-
1991
Cenk Tosun, Turkish professional footballer
-
1991
Fetty Wap, American rapper
-
1992
Sara Niemietz, American singer-songwriter and actress
-
1992
Mathias Gehrt, Danish professional footballer
-
1992
Alípio, Brazilian footballer
-
1993
George Ezra, English singer-songwriter
Décès Célèbres
-
555
Vigilius, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 500)
-
862
Al-Muntasir, Abbasid caliph (b. 837)
-
929
Ælfthryth, Countess of Flanders (b. 877)
-
940
Qian Hongzun, heir apparent of Wuyue (b. 925)
-
951
Lu Wenji, Chinese chancellor (b. 876)
-
1329
Robert the Bruce, Scottish king (b. 1274)
-
1337
William I, Count of Hainaut (b. 1286)
-
1341
An-Nasir Muhammad, Egyptian sultan (b. 1285)
-
1358
Ashikaga Takauji, Japanese shogun (b. 1305)
-
1394
Anne of Bohemia, English queen (b. 1366)
-
1492
Casimir IV Jagiellon, Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1440 and King of Poland from 1447 (b. 1427)
-
1594
Rodrigo Lopez, physician of Queen Elizabeth (b. 1525)
-
1618
Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr, English politician, Colonial Governor of Virginia (b. 1577)
Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr · List of colonial governors of Virginia
-
1660
George II Rákóczi, Prince of Transylvania (b. 1621)
-
1711
Henry Dodwell, Irish scholar and theologian (b. 1641)
-
1779
William Warburton, English bishop and critic (b. 1698)
-
1810
Luigi Schiavonetti, Italian engraver and etcher (b. 1765)
-
1826
Joseph von Fraunhofer, German optician, physicist, and astronomer (b. 1787)
-
1840
Frederick William III of Prussia (b. 1770)
-
1840
Friedrich Hölderlin, German lyric poet (b. 1770)
-
1853
Norbert Provencher, Canadian missionary and bishop (b. 1787)
-
1854
Charles Baudin, French admiral (b. 1792)
-
1859
David Cox, English painter (b. 1783)
-
1861
Patrick Brontë, Anglo-Irish priest and author (b. 1777)
-
1863
Antonio Valero de Bernabé, Latin American liberator (b. 1790)
-
1866
Chief Seattle, American tribal chief (b. 1780)
-
1879
William Tilbury Fox, English dermatologist and academic (b. 1836)
-
1896
Pavlos Carrer, Greek composer (b. 1829)
-
1911
Maurice Rouvier, French politician, Prime Minister of France (b. 1842)
-
1915
Charles Reed Bishop, American banker and politician, founded the First Hawaiian Bank (b. 1822)
-
1916
Émile Faguet, French author and critic (b. 1847)
-
1927
Archie Birkin, English motorcycle racer (b. 1905)
-
1927
Edmund James Flynn, Canadian lawyer and politician, 10th Premier of Quebec (b. 1847)
-
1932
John Verran, English-Australian politician, 26th Premier of South Australia (b. 1856)
-
1933
Dragutin Domjanić, Croatian lawyer, judge, and poet (b. 1875)
-
1936
Stjepan Seljan, Croatian explorer (b. 1875)
-
1937
Jean Harlow, American actress and singer (b. 1911)
-
1942
Alan Blumlein, English engineer (b. 1903)
-
1945
Kitaro Nishida, Japanese philosopher and academic (b. 1870)
-
1954
Alan Turing, English mathematician and computer scientist (b. 1912)
-
1956
John Willcock, Australian politician, 15th Premier of Western Australia (b. 1879)
-
1961
Reginald Fletcher, 1st Baron Winster, English navy officer and politician, Secretary of State for Transport (b. 1885)
Reginald Fletcher, 1st Baron Winster · Secretary of State for Transport
-
1963
ZaSu Pitts, American actress (b. 1894)
-
1965
Judy Holliday, American actress and singer (b. 1921)
-
1966
Jean Arp, German-French sculptor, painter, and poet (b. 1886)
-
1967
Anatoly Maltsev, Russian mathematician and academic (b. 1909)
-
1967
Dorothy Parker, American poet, short story writer, critic, and satirist (b. 1893)
-
1968
Dan Duryea, American actor and singer (b. 1907)
-
1970
E. M. Forster, English novelist, short story writer, essayist (b. 1879)
-
1978
Charles Moran, American race car driver (b. 1906)
-
1978
Ronald George Wreyford Norrish, English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1897)
-
1979
Asa Earl Carter, American Ku Klux Klan leader (b. 1925)
-
1980
Elizabeth Craig, Scottish journalist and economist (b. 1883)
-
1980
Philip Guston, Canadian-American painter and educator (b. 1913)
-
1980
Henry Miller, American novelist and essayist (b. 1891)
-
1985
Klaudia Taev, Estonian opera singer and educator (b. 1906)
-
1987
Cahit Zarifoğlu, Turkish poet and author (b. 1940)
-
1988
Martin Sommer, German SS officer (b. 1915)
-
1989
Chico Landi, Brazilian race car driver (b. 1907)
-
1989
William McLean Hamilton, Canadian politician, Postmaster General of Canada (b. 1919)
-
1992
Bill France Sr., American race car driver and businessman, co-founded NASCAR (b. 1909)
-
1993
Dražen Petrović, Croatian basketball player, Naismith Basketball Hall of Famer 2002 (b. 1964)
-
1995
Hsuan Hua, Chinese monk and educator (b. 1918)
-
1995
Charles Ritchie, Canadian diplomat, High Commission of Canada to the United Kingdom (b. 1906)
Charles Ritchie (diplomat) · High Commission of Canada to the United Kingdom
-
1996
Max Factor, Jr., American businessman (b. 1904)
-
1997
Jacques Canetti, French music executive and talent agent (b. 1909)
-
2001
Víctor Paz Estenssoro, Bolivian politician, 52nd President of Bolivia (b. 1907)
-
2001
Carole Fredericks, French singer (Fredericks Goldman Jones) (b. 1952)
-
2001
Betty Neels, English nurse and author (b. 1910)
-
2002
Signe Hasso, Swedish-American actress (b. 1915)
-
2002
B. D. Jatti, Indian lawyer and politician, 5th Vice President of India (b. 1912)
-
2002
Lilian, Princess of Réthy (b. 1916)
-
2004
Quorthon, Swedish musician (b. 1966)
-
2008
Rudy Fernandez, Filipino actor and producer (b. 1953)
-
2008
Jim McKay, American journalist and sportscaster (b. 1921)
-
2008
Dino Risi, Italian director and screenwriter (b. 1916)
-
2009
Hugh Hopper, English bass player and songwriter (b. 1945)
-
2011
Paul Dickson, American football player and coach (b. 1937)
-
2012
Phillip V. Tobias, South African paleontologist and academic (b. 1925)
-
2012
Bob Welch, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1945)
-
2013
Pierre Mauroy, French educator and politician, Prime Minister of France (b. 1928)
-
2014
Fernandão, Brazilian footballer and manager (b. 1978)
-
2014
Dora Akunyili, Nigerian academic and politician (b. 1954)
-
2014
Epainette Mbeki, South African activist (b. 1916)
-
2015
Christopher Lee, English actor (b. 1922)
-
2015
Sheikh Razzak Ali, Bangladeshi journalist and politician (b. 1928)