1260s — in history
entries
By year
Highlights
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1260
Kyawswa of Pagan, last ruler of the Pagan Kingdom (d. 1299)
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1260
Chartres Cathedral is dedicated in the presence of King Louis IX of France; the cathedral is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
- 1260
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1260
The Livonian Order suffers its greatest defeat in the 13th century in the Battle of Durbe against the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
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1260
The Sienese Ghibellines, supported by the forces of Manfred, King of Sicily, defeat the Florentine Guelphs at Montaperti.
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1260
The Great Prussian Uprising among the old Prussians begins against the Teutonic Knights.
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1260
Qutuz, Egyptian sultan
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1260
Luchesius Modestini, founding member of the Third Order of St. Francis
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1260
The Mamluks defeat the Mongols at the Battle of Ain Jalut in Palestine, marking their first decisive defeat and the point of maximum expansion of the Mongol Empire.
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1260
Aymer de Valence, Bishop of Winchester (b. 1222)
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1260
Walter of Kirkham, Bishop of Durham
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1261
Walter de Stapledon, English bishop and politician, Lord High Treasurer (d. 1326)
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1261
Otto III, Duke of Bavaria (d. 1312)
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1261
Pope Urban IV succeeds Pope Alexander IV as the 182nd pope.
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1261
Margaret of Scotland, Queen of Norway (d. 1283)
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1261
Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester (d. 1326)
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1261
Denis of Portugal (d. 1325)
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1261
Henry III, Duke of Brabant (b. 1230)
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1261
Arthur II, Duke of Brittany (d. 1312)
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1261
Sanchia of Provence, queen consort of Germany
-
1261
The city of Constantinople is recaptured by Nicaean forces under the command of Alexios Strategopoulos, re-establishing the Byzantine Empire.
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1261
Adolf IV of Holstein, Count of Schauenburg
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1261
Konrad von Hochstaden, archbishop of Cologne
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1261
Pope Alexander IV (b. 1185)
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1261
Matilda of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg (b. 1210)
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1261
John IV Laskaris of the restored Eastern Roman Empire is deposed and blinded by orders of his co-ruler Michael VIII Palaiologos.
John IV Laskaris · Byzantine Empire · Michael VIII Palaiologos
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1261
Michael VIII Palaiologos is crowned Byzantine emperor in Constantinople.
Michael VIII Palaiologos · List of Byzantine emperors · Constantinople
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1262
Ladislaus IV of Hungary (d. 1290)
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1262
Battle of Hausbergen between bourgeois militias and the army of the bishop of Strasbourg.
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1262
Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Gloucester, English soldier (b. 1222)
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1262
Aegidius of Assisi, companion of Saint Francis of Assisi
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1263
Ibn Taymiyyah, Syirian scholar and theologian (d. 1328)
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1263
Shinran Shonin, Japanese founder of the Jodo Shinshu branch of Pure Land Buddhism
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1263
The Battle of Largs is fought between Norwegians and Scots.
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1263
Hugh of Saint-Cher, French cardinal (b. 1200)
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1263
Alexander Nevsky, Russian saint (b. 1220)
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1263
Hōjō Tokiyori, regent of Japan (b. 1227)
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1263
Haakon IV of Norway (b. 1204)
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1263
Matilda of Béthune, French countess
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1264
Alexander, Prince of Scotland (d. 1284)
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1264
Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured and forced to sign the Mise of Lewes, making Simon de Montfort the de facto ruler of England.
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1264
Prince Koreyasu, Japanese shogun (d. 1326)
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1264
In the conflict between King Henry III of England and his rebellious barons led by Simon de Montfort, King Louis IX of France issues the Mise of Amiens, a one-sided decision in favour of Henry that later leads to the Second Barons' War.
Henry III of England · Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester · Louis IX of France
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1264
The Kingdom of Castile conquers the city of Jerez, which had been under Muslim occupation since 711.
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1264
The Statute of Kalisz, guaranteeing Jews safety and personal liberties and giving battei din jurisdiction over Jewish matters, is promulgated by Bolesław the Pious, Duke of Greater Poland.
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1264
Pope Urban IV
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1264
The Parliament of Ireland meets at Castledermot in County Kildare, the first definitively known meeting of this Irish legislature.
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1264
Emperor Lizong of China
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1264
Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester, medieval English nobleman; Earl of Winchester (b. 1195)
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1265
The first English parliament to include not only Lords but also representatives of the major towns holds its first meeting in the Palace of Westminster, now commonly known as the "Houses of Parliament".
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1265
Second Barons' War: Battle of Evesham: The army of Prince Edward (the future king Edward I of England) defeats the forces of rebellious barons led by Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, killing de Montfort and many of his allies.
Second Barons' War · Battle of Evesham · Edward I of England
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1265
Peter de Montfort, English politician (b. 1215)
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1265
Temür Khan, Emperor Chengzong of Yuan (d. 1307)
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1265
Magnus Olafsson, King of Mann and the Isles
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1265
Fushimi, Japanese emperor (d. 1317)
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1265
Simon Stock, English-French saint (b. 1165)
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1265
Henry de Montfort (b. 1238)
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1265
Hulagu Khan, Mongol ruler (b. 1217)
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1265
Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, French-English soldier and politician, Lord High Steward (b. 1208)
Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester · Lord High Steward
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1265
Hugh le Despencer, 1st Baron le Despencer, English politician (b. 1223)
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1265
Anne of Bohemia, duchess of Silesia (b. 1203 or 1204)
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1265
Odofredus, Italian lawyer and jurist
- 1265
-
1266
Margaret of Austria, Queen of Bohemia (b. c. 1204)
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1266
Battle of Benevento: An army led by Charles, Count of Anjou, defeats a combined German and Sicilian force led by Manfred, King of Sicily. Manfred is killed in the battle and Pope Clement IV invests Charles as king of Sicily and Naples.
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1266
Manfred, King of Sicily (b. 1232)
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1266
Jan Prandota, Bishop of Kraków
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1266
Birger Jarl, Swedish politician (b. 1210)
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1266
Saint Arsenije I Sremac
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1266
Amadeus of the Amidei, Italian saint
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1266
Henry II, Prince of Anhalt-Aschersleben (b. 1215)
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1266
Eudes of Burgundy, Count of Nevers (b. 1230)
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1266
Henry III the White, Duke of Wroclaw
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1266
Swietopelk II, Duke of Pomerania
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1267
James II of Aragon (d. 1327)
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1267
Emperor Go-Uda of Japan (d. 1324)
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1267
Baldwin of Ibelin, Seneschal of Cyprus
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1267
Beatrice of Provence, countess regnant of Provence (b. 1234)
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1267
Peter of Montereau, architect (b. c. 1200)
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1268
The Livonian Order is defeated by Dovmont of Pskov in the Battle of Rakvere.
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1268
Conradin, Italian king (b. 1252)
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1268
The Principality of Antioch, a crusader state, falls to the Mamluk Sultan Baibars in the Siege of Antioch.
Principality of Antioch · Crusader states · Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)
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1268
Conradin is executed along with his companion Frederick I, Margrave of Baden by Charles I of Sicily.
Conradin · Frederick I, Margrave of Baden · Charles I of Sicily
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1268
Frederick I, Margrave of Baden (b. 1249)
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1268
Pope Clement IV (b. 1190)
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1268
Battle of Tagliacozzo: The army of Charles of Anjou defeats the Ghibellines supporters of Conradin of Hohenstaufen marking the fall of the Hohenstaufen family from the Imperial and Sicilian thrones, and leading to the new chapter of Angevin domination in Southern Italy.
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1268
Vaišvilkas, Prince of Black Ruthenia
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1268
Peter II, Count of Savoy (b. 1203)
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1268
Agnes of Faucigny, Dame ruler of Faucigny, Countess consort of Savoy
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1269
Eleanor of England, Countess of Bar (d. 1298)