July 30 — On This Day
297 entries
Events
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762
Baghdad is founded.
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1419
First Defenestration of Prague: A crowd of radical Hussites kill seven members of the Prague city council.
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1502
Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Islands off the coast of Honduras during his fourth voyage.
Voyages of Christopher Columbus · Guanaja · Bay Islands Department · Honduras
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1609
Beaver Wars: At Ticonderoga (now Crown Point, New York), Samuel de Champlain shoots and kills two Iroquois chiefs on behalf of his native allies.
Beaver Wars · Fort Ticonderoga · Crown Point, New York · Samuel de Champlain · Iroquois
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1619
In Jamestown, Virginia, the first representative assembly in the Americas, the House of Burgesses, convenes for the first time.
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1626
An earthquake in Naples, Italy, kills about 10,000 people.
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1635
Eighty Years' War: The Siege of Schenkenschans begins; Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, begins the recapture of the strategically important fortress from the Spanish Army.
Eighty Years' War · Siege of Schenkenschans · Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange · Spanish Army
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1656
Swedish forces under the command of King Charles X Gustav defeat the forces of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth at the Battle of Warsaw.
Charles X Gustav of Sweden · Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth · Battle of Warsaw (1656)
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1676
Nathaniel Bacon issues the "Declaration of the People of Virginia", beginning Bacon's Rebellion against the rule of Governor William Berkeley.
Nathaniel Bacon (colonist) · Bacon's Rebellion · William Berkeley (governor)
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1729
Founding of Baltimore, Maryland.
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1733
The first Masonic Grand Lodge in the future United States is constituted in Massachusetts.
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1756
In Saint Petersburg, Bartolomeo Rastrelli presents the newly built Catherine Palace to Empress Elizabeth and her courtiers.
Saint Petersburg · Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli · Catherine Palace · Elizabeth of Russia
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1811
Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, leader of the Mexican insurgency, is executed by the Spanish in Chihuahua City, Mexico.
Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla · Mexican War of Independence · Chihuahua City
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1825
Malden Island is discovered by captain George Byron, 7th Baron Byron.
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1859
First ascent of Grand Combin, one of the highest summits in the Alps.
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1863
American Indian Wars: Representatives of the United States and tribal leaders including Chief Pocatello (of the Shoshone) sign the Treaty of Box Elder.
American Indian Wars · Chief Pocatello · Shoshone · Box Elder Treaty
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1864
American Civil War: Battle of the Crater: Union forces attempt to break Confederate lines at Petersburg, Virginia by exploding a large bomb under their trenches.
American Civil War · Battle of the Crater · Union (American Civil War) · Confederate States of America · Siege of Petersburg
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1865
The steamboat Brother Jonathan sinks off the coast of Crescent City, California, killing 225 passengers, the deadliest shipwreck on the Pacific Coast of the U.S. at the time.
Steamboat · Brother Jonathan (steamer) · Crescent City, California
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1866
Armed Confederate veterans in New Orleans riot against a meeting of Radical Republicans, killing 48 people and injuring another 100.
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1871
The Staten Island Ferry Westfield's boiler explodes, killing over 85 people.
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1912
Japan's Emperor Meiji dies and is succeeded by his son Yoshihito, who is now known as the Emperor Taishō.
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1930
In Montevideo, Uruguay wins the first FIFA World Cup.
Montevideo · Uruguay national football team · 1930 FIFA World Cup
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1932
Premiere of Walt Disney's Flowers and Trees, the first cartoon short to use Technicolor and the first Academy Award winning cartoon short.
Walt Disney · Flowers and Trees · Technicolor · Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film
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1945
World War II: Japanese submarine I-58 sinks the USS Indianapolis, killing 883 seamen. Most die during the following four days, until an aircraft notices the survivors.
World War II · Japanese submarine I-58 (1943) · USS Indianapolis (CA-35)
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1956
A joint resolution of the U.S. Congress is signed by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, authorizing In God we trust as the U.S. national motto.
Joint resolution · United States Congress · President of the United States · Dwight D. Eisenhower · In God we trust
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1962
The Trans-Canada Highway, the longest national highway in the world, is officially opened.
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1965
U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Social Security Act of 1965 into law, establishing Medicare and Medicaid.
Lyndon B. Johnson · Social Security Act of 1965 · Medicare (United States) · Medicaid
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1966
England defeats West Germany to win the 1966 FIFA World Cup at Wembley Stadium after extra time.
England national football team · Germany national football team · 1966 FIFA World Cup · Wembley Stadium (1923) · Extra time
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1969
Vietnam War: US President Richard Nixon makes an unscheduled visit to South Vietnam and meets with President Nguyễn Văn Thiệu and U.S. military commanders.
Vietnam War · Richard Nixon · South Vietnam · Nguyễn Văn Thiệu
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1971
Apollo program: Apollo 15 Mission: David Scott and James Irwin on the Apollo Lunar Module Falcon land on the Moon with the first Lunar Rover.
Apollo program · Apollo 15 · David Scott · James Irwin · Apollo Lunar Module
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1971
An All Nippon Airways Boeing 727 and a Japanese Air Force F-86 collide over Morioka, Iwate, Japan killing 162.
All Nippon Airways · Boeing · Japan Air Self-Defense Force · North American F-86 Sabre · All Nippon Airways Flight 58
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1974
Watergate scandal: U.S. President Richard Nixon releases subpoenaed White House recordings after being ordered to do so by the Supreme Court of the United States.
Watergate scandal · White House · Supreme Court of the United States
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1975
Jimmy Hoffa disappears from the parking lot of the Machus Red Fox restaurant in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit, at about 2:30 p.m. He is never seen or heard from again.
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1978
The 730 (transport), Okinawa Prefecture changes its traffic on the right-hand side of the road to the left-hand side.
730 (transport) · Okinawa Prefecture · Right- and left-hand traffic
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1980
Vanuatu gains independence.
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1980
Israel's Knesset passes the Jerusalem Law
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1981
As many as 50,000 demonstrators, mostly women and children, took to the streets in Łódź to protest food ration shortages in Communist Poland.
Łódź · Summer 1981 hunger demonstrations in Poland · People's Republic of Poland
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2003
In Mexico, the last 'old style' Volkswagen Beetle rolls off the assembly line.
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2006
The world's longest running music show Top of the Pops is broadcast for the last time on BBC Two. The show had aired for 42 years.
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2012
A train fire kills 32 passengers and injures 27 on the Tamil Nadu Express in Andhra Pradesh, India.
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2012
A power grid failure in Delhi leaves more than 300 million people without power in northern India.
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2014
One hundred and fifty people are trapped after a landslide in Maharashtra, India; 20 are killed.
Famous Births
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1470
Hongzhi, emperor of the Ming dynasty (d. 1505)
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1511
Giorgio Vasari, Italian painter, historian, and architect (d. 1574)
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1549
Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1609)
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1641
Regnier de Graaf, Dutch physician and anatomist (d. 1673)
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1751
Maria Anna Mozart, Austrian pianist (d. 1829)
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1763
Samuel Rogers, English poet and art collector (d. 1855)
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1809
Charles Chiniquy, Canadian-American priest and theologian (d. 1899)
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1818
Emily Brontë, English novelist and poet (d. 1848)
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1818
Jan Heemskerk, Dutch lawyer and politician, 16th and 19th Prime Minister of the Netherlands (d. 1897)
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1825
Chaim Aronson, Lithuanian engineer and author (d. 1893)
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1832
George Lemuel Woods, American lawyer, judge, and politician, 3rd Governor of Oregon (d. 1890)
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1855
Georg Wilhelm von Siemens, German-Swiss businessman (d. 1919)
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1857
Thorstein Veblen, American economist and sociologist (d. 1929)
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1859
Henry Simpson Lunn, English minister and humanitarian, founded Lunn Poly (d. 1939)
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1862
Nikolai Yudenich, Russian general (d. 1933)
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1863
Henry Ford, American engineer and businessman, founded the Ford Motor Company (d. 1947)
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1872
Princess Clémentine of Belgium (d. 1955)
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1881
Smedley Butler, American general, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1940)
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1890
Casey Stengel, American baseball player and manager (d. 1975)
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1893
Fatima Jinnah, Pakistani dentist and politician (d. 1967)
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1898
Henry Moore, English sculptor and illustrator (d. 1986)
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1899
Gerald Moore, English pianist (d. 1987)
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1901
Alfred Lépine, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1955)
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1904
Salvador Novo, Mexican poet and playwright (d. 1974)
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1909
C. Northcote Parkinson, English historian and author (d. 1993)
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1910
Edgar de Evia, Mexican-American photographer (d. 2003)
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1913
Lou Darvas, American soldier and cartoonist (d. 1987)
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1914
Michael Morris, 3rd Baron Killanin, Irish journalist and author, 6th President of the International Olympic Committee (d. 1999)
Michael Morris, 3rd Baron Killanin · President of the International Olympic Committee
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1920
Walter Schuck, German lieutenant and pilot (d. 2015)
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1921
Grant Johannesen, American pianist and educator (d. 2005)
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1922
Henry W. Bloch, American banker and businessman, co-founded H&R Block
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1925
Stan Stennett, Welsh actor and trumpet player (d. 2013)
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1925
Alexander Trocchi, Scottish author and poet (d. 1984)
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1927
Richard Johnson, English actor, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2015)
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1927
Pete Schoening, American mountaineer (d. 2004)
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1927
Victor Wong, American actor (d. 2001)
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1928
Joe Nuxhall, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 2007)
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1929
Sid Krofft, Canadian-American puppeteer and producer
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1931
Dominique Lapierre, French historian and author
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1934
Bud Selig, 9th Major League Baseball Commissioner
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1936
Buddy Guy, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
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1936
Infanta Pilar, Duchess of Badajoz
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1938
Hervé de Charette, French politician, French Minister of Foreign Affairs
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1938
Terry O'Neill, English photographer
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1939
Peter Bogdanovich, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
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1939
Eleanor Smeal, American activist, founded the Feminist Majority Foundation
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1940
Patricia Schroeder, American lawyer and politician
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1940
Clive Sinclair, English businessman, founded Sinclair Radionics and Sinclair Research
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1941
Paul Anka, Canadian singer-songwriter and actor
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1942
Pollyanna Pickering, English environmentalist and painter
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1943
Henri-François Gautrin, Canadian physicist and politician
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1944
Gerry Birrell, Scottish race car driver (d. 1973)
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1944
Peter Bottomley, English politician
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1944
Frances de la Tour, English actress
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1945
Patrick Modiano, French novelist and screenwriter, Nobel Prize laureate
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1945
David Sanborn, American saxophonist and composer
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1946
Neil Bonnett, American race car driver and sportscaster (d. 1994)
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1946
Jeffrey Hammond, English bass player
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1947
William Atherton, American actor and producer
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1947
Françoise Barré-Sinoussi, French virologist and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate
Françoise Barré-Sinoussi · Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
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1947
Jonathan Mann, American physician and author (d. 1998)
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1947
Arnold Schwarzenegger, Austrian-American bodybuilder, actor, and politician, 38th Governor of California
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1948
John Briscoe, South African-American epidemiologist, engineer, and academic (d. 2014)
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1948
Billy Paultz, American basketball player
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1948
Jean Reno, Moroccan-French actor
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1948
Otis Taylor, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
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1948
Julia Tsenova, Bulgarian pianist and composer (d. 2010)
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1949
Duck Baker, American guitarist
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1949
Sonia Proudman, English lawyer and judge
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1949
Andy Scott, Welsh rock guitarist and songwriter (Sweet)
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1950
Harriet Harman, English lawyer and politician
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1950
Frank Stallone, American singer-songwriter and actor
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1950
Mike Starr, American character actor
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1951
Alan Kourie, South African cricketer
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1951
Gerry Judah, Indian-English painter and sculptor
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1952
Stephen Blackmore, English botanist and author
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1954
Ken Olin, American actor, director, and producer
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1955
Rat Scabies, English drummer and producer
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1955
Christopher Warren-Green, English violinist and conductor
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1956
Delta Burke, American actress
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1956
Réal Cloutier, Canadian ice hockey player
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1956
Anita Hill, American lawyer and academic
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1956
Soraida Martinez, American painter and educator
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1957
Antonio Adamo, Italian director and cinematographer
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1957
Bill Cartwright, American basketball player and coach
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1957
Clint Hurdle, American baseball player and manager
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1957
Nery Pumpido, Argentinian footballer, coach, and manager
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1958
Kate Bush, English singer-songwriter and producer
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1958
Daley Thompson, English decathlete and trainer
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1960
Jennifer Barnes, American-English musicologist and academic
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1960
Richard Linklater, American director and screenwriter
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1960
Brillante Mendoza, Filipino independent film director
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1961
Laurence Fishburne, American actor and producer
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1962
Alton Brown, American chef, author, and producer
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1962
Jay Feaster, American ice hockey player and manager
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1962
Yakub Memon, Indian accountant and terrorist (d. 2015)
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1963
Peter Bowler, English-Australian cricketer
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1963
Lisa Kudrow, American actress and producer
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1963
Chris Mullin, American basketball player and manager
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1964
Ron Block, American singer-songwriter and banjo player
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1964
Vivica A. Fox, American actress
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1964
Alek Keshishian, Lebanese-American director, producer, and screenwriter
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1964
Jürgen Klinsmann, German footballer and manager
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1964
Laine Randjärv, Estonian lawyer and politician, 6th Estonian Minister of Culture
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1965
Tim Munton, English cricketer
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1966
Kerry Fox, New Zealand actress and screenwriter
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1966
Craig Gannon, English guitarist and songwriter
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1966
Allan Langer, Australian rugby league player and coach
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1966
Louise Wener, English author and singer-songwriter
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1968
Terry Crews, American football player and actor
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1968
Robert Korzeniowski, Polish race walker and coach
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1968
Sean Moore, Welsh drummer and songwriter
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1969
Simon Baker, Australian actor, director, and producer
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1969
Errol Stewart, South African cricketer and lawyer
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1970
Alun Cairns, Welsh businessman and politician
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1970
Dean Edwards, American comedian, actor, and singer
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1970
Christopher Nolan, English-American director, producer, and screenwriter
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1971
Elvis Crespo, American-Puerto Rican singer
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1971
Tom Green, Canadian comedian and actor
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1972
Jim McIlvaine, American basketball player and sportscaster
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1973
Kenton Cool, English mountaineer
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1973
Ümit Davala, Turkish footballer and manager
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1973
Anastasios Katsabis, Greek footballer
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1973
Markus Näslund, Swedish ice hockey player and manager
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1973
Sonu Nigam, Indian playback singer and actor
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1973
Clementa C. Pinckney, American minister and politician (d. 2015)
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1974
Radostin Kishishev, Bulgarian footballer and manager
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1974
Jason Robinson, English rugby player and coach
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1974
Hilary Swank, American actress and producer
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1975
Graham Nicholls, English author and activist
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1975
Kate Starbird, American basketball player and computer scientist
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1977
Diana Bolocco, Chilean model and journalist;
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1977
Misty May-Treanor, American volleyball player and coach
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1977
Jaime Pressly, American actress
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1977
Bootsy Thornton, American basketball player
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1977
Ian Watkins, Welsh singer-songwriter and child abuse convict
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1979
Carlos Arroyo, Puerto Rican basketball player and singer
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1979
Chad Keegan, South African cricketer and coach
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1979
Graeme McDowell, Northern Irish golfer
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1979
Maya Nasser, Syrian journalist (d. 2012)
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1980
Seth Avett, American folk-rock singer-songwriter and musician
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1980
Justin Rose, South African-English golfer
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1981
Nicky Hayden, American motorcycle racer (d. 2017)
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1981
Juan Smith, South African rugby player
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1981
Hope Solo, American soccer player
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1981
Indrek Turi, Estonian decathlete
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1982
Jehad Al-Hussain, Syrian footballer
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1982
James Anderson, English cricketer
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1983
Seán Dillon, Irish footballer
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1984
Marko Asmer, Estonian race car driver
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1984
Gabrielle Christian, American actress and singer
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1984
Kevin Pittsnogle, American basketball player
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1985
Chris Guccione, Australian tennis player
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1985
Daniel Fredheim Holm, Norwegian footballer
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1985
Luca Lanotte, Italian ice dancer
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1985
Matthew Scott, Australian rugby league player
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1986
Tiago Alencar, Brazilian footballer
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1986
William Zillman, Australian rugby league player
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1987
Anton Fink, German footballer
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1987
Sam Saunders, American golfer
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1989
Aleix Espargaró, Spanish motorcycle racer
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1989
Wayne Parnell, South African cricketer
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1990
Chris Maxwell, Welsh footballer
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1991
Diana Vickers, English singer-songwriter
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1992
Hannah Cockroft, English wheelchair racer
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1993
Jacob Faria, American baseball player
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1993
Margarida Moura, Portuguese tennis player
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1996
Nina Stojanović, Serbian tennis player
Famous Deaths
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578
Jacob Baradaeus, Greek bishop
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579
Pope Benedict I
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734
Tatwine, English archbishop (b. 670)
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829
Shi Xiancheng, general of the Tang Dynasty
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1286
Bar Hebraeus, Syrian scholar and historian (b. 1226)
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1516
Johann V of Nassau-Vianden-Dietz (b. 1455)
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1540
Thomas Abel, English priest and martyr (b. 1497)
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1540
Robert Barnes, English martyr and reformer (b. 1495)
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1550
Thomas Wriothesley, 1st Earl of Southampton, English politician, Lord Chancellor of the United Kingdom (b. 1505)
Thomas Wriothesley, 1st Earl of Southampton · Lord Chancellor
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1566
Guillaume Rondelet, French doctor (b. 1507)
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1608
Rory O'Donnell, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell, last King of Tyrconnell (b. 1575)
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1652
Charles Amadeus, Duke of Nemours (b. 1624)
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1680
Thomas Butler, 6th Earl of Ossory, Irish admiral and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1634)
Thomas Butler, 6th Earl of Ossory · Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
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1683
Maria Theresa of Spain (b. 1638)
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1691
Daniel Georg Morhof, German scholar and academic (b. 1639)
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1700
Prince William, Duke of Gloucester, English royal (b. 1689)
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1718
William Penn, English businessman and philosopher, founded the Province of Pennsylvania (b. 1644)
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1771
Thomas Gray, English poet (b. 1716)
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1811
Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, Mexican priest and soldier (b. 1753)
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1875
George Pickett, American general (b. 1825)
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1889
Charlie Absolom, England cricketer (b. 1846)
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1898
Otto von Bismarck, German lawyer and politician, 1st Chancellor of Germany (b. 1815)
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1900
Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (b. 1844)
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1912
Emperor Meiji of Japan (b. 1852)
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1918
Joyce Kilmer, American soldier, journalist, and poet (b. 1886)
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1920
Albert Gustaf Dahlman, Swedish executioner (b. 1848)
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1930
Joan Gamper, Swiss-Spanish footballer and businessman, founded FC Barcelona (b. 1877)
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1938
John Derbyshire, English swimmer and water polo player (b. 1878)
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1941
Hugo Celmiņš, Latvian politician, former Prime Minister of Latvia (b. 1877)
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1947
Joseph Cook, English-Australian miner and politician, 6th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1860)
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1965
Jun'ichirō Tanizaki, Japanese author and playwright (b. 1886)
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1970
Walter Murdoch, Scottish-Australian academic (b. 1874)
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1970
George Szell, Hungarian-American conductor and composer (b. 1897)
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1971
Thomas Hollway, Australian politician, 36th Premier of Victoria (b. 1906)
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1975
James Blish, American author and critic (b. 1921)
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1977
Emory Holloway, American scholar, author, and educator (b. 1885)
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1983
Howard Dietz, American songwriter and publicist (b. 1896)
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1983
Lynn Fontanne, English actress (b. 1887)
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1985
Julia Robinson, American mathematician and theorist (b. 1919)
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1992
Brenda Marshall, Filipino-American actress and singer (b. 1915)
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1992
Joe Shuster, Canadian-American illustrator, co-created Superman (b. 1914)
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1996
Claudette Colbert, French-American actress (b. 1903)
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1997
Bảo Đại, Vietnamese emperor (b. 1913)
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1998
Buffalo Bob Smith, American television host (b. 1917)
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2001
Anton Schwarzkopf, German engineer (b. 1924)
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2003
Steve Hislop, Scottish motorcycle racer (b. 1962)
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2003
Sam Phillips, American record producer, founded Sun Records (b. 1923)
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2005
Ray Cunningham, American baseball player (b. 1905)
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2005
John Garang, Sudanese colonel and politician, 6th President of South Sudan (b. 1945)
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2006
Duygu Asena, Turkish journalist and author(b. 1946)
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2006
Al Balding, Canadian golfer (b. 1924)
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2006
Murray Bookchin, American philosopher and author (b. 1921)
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2006
Anthony Galla-Rini, American accordion player and composer (b. 1904)
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2006
Akbar Mohammadi, Iranian activist (b. 1972)
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2007
Michelangelo Antonioni, Italian director and screenwriter (b. 1912)
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2007
Teoctist Arăpașu, Romanian patriarch (b. 1915)
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2007
Ingmar Bergman, Swedish director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1918)
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2007
Bill Walsh, American football player and coach (b. 1931)
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2008
Anne Armstrong, American businesswoman and diplomat, United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom (b. 1927)
Anne Armstrong · United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom
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2009
Mohammed Yusuf, Nigerian militant leader, founded Boko Haram (b. 1970)
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2009
Peter Zadek, German director and screenwriter (b. 1926)
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2011
Bob Peterson, American basketball player (b. 1932)
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2012
Maeve Binchy, Irish author, playwright, and journalist (b. 1939)
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2012
Bill Doss, American singer and guitarist (b. 1968)
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2012
Stig Ossian Ericson, Swedish actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1923)
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2012
Les Green, English footballer and manager (b. 1941)
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2012
Jonathan Hardy, New Zealand-Australian actor and screenwriter (b. 1940)
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2012
Bill Kitchen, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1960)
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2012
Mary Louise Rasmuson, American colonel (b. 1911)
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2013
Cecil Alexander, American architect, designed the State of Georgia Building (b. 1918)
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2013
Berthold Beitz, German businessman (b. 1913)
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2013
Robert Neelly Bellah, American sociologist and author (b. 1927)
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2013
Harry F. Byrd, Jr., American lieutenant, publisher, and politician (b. 1914)
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2013
Antoni Ramallets, Spanish footballer and manager (b. 1924)
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2013
Ossie Schectman, American basketball player (b. 1919)
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2013
Benjamin Walker, Indian-English author, poet, and playwright (b. 1913)
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2014
Robert Drew, American director and producer (b. 1924)
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2014
Harun Farocki, German director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1944)
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2014
Julio Grondona, Argentinian businessman (b. 1931)
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2014
Peter Hall, English geographer, author, and academic (b. 1932)
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2014
Dick Smith, American make-up artist (b. 1922)
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2014
Dick Wagner, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1942)
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2015
Lynn Anderson, American singer (b. 1947)
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2015
Endel Lippmaa, Estonian physicist (b. 1930)
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2015
Francis Paul Prucha, American historian and academic (b. 1921)
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2015
Alena Vrzáňová, Czech figure skater (b. 1931)
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2016
Gloria DeHaven, American actress, singer, and dancer (b. 1925)