January 5 — On This Day
307 entries
Events
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1066
Edward the Confessor dies childless, sparking a succession crisis that will eventually lead to the Norman conquest of England.
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1477
Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is killed and Burgundy becomes part of France.
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1500
Duke Ludovico Sforza conquers Milan.
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1527
Felix Manz, a leader of the Anabaptist congregation in Zürich, Switzerland, is executed by drowning.
Felix Manz · Anabaptist · Zürich · Capital punishment · Drowning
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1554
A great fire occurs in Eindhoven, Netherlands.
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1675
Battle of Colmar: The French army beats Brandenburg.
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1757
Louis XV of France survives an assassination attempt by Robert-François Damiens, the last person to be executed in France by drawing and quartering, the traditional and gruesome form of capital punishment used for regicides.
Louis XV of France · Assassination · Robert-François Damiens · Capital punishment · Hanged, drawn and quartered
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1781
American Revolutionary War: Richmond, Virginia, is burned by British naval forces led by Benedict Arnold.
American Revolutionary War · Richmond, Virginia · Kingdom of Great Britain · Benedict Arnold
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1846
The United States House of Representatives votes to stop sharing the Oregon Territory with the United Kingdom.
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1875
The Palais Garnier, one of the most famous opera houses in the world, is inaugurated in Paris.
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1882
Charles J. Guiteau is found guilty of assassinating US President James A. Garfield, and is sentenced to death by hanging.
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1895
Dreyfus affair: French army officer Alfred Dreyfus is stripped of his rank and sentenced to life imprisonment on Devil's Island.
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1911
Kappa Alpha Psi, the world's third oldest and largest black fraternity, is founded at Indiana University.
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1912
The Prague Party Conference takes place.
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1913
First Balkan War: During the Battle of Lemnos, Greek admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis forces the Turkish fleet to retreat to its base within the Dardanelles, from which it did not venture for the rest of the war.
First Balkan War · Battle of Lemnos (1913) · Pavlos Kountouriotis · Dardanelles
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1914
The Ford Motor Company announces an eight-hour workday, but entitlement to the higher was subject to various restrictions.[1]
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1919
The German Workers' Party, which would become the Nazi Party, is founded.
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1925
Nellie Tayloe Ross of Wyoming becomes the first female governor in the United States.
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1933
Construction of the Golden Gate Bridge begins in San Francisco Bay.
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1944
The Daily Mail becomes the first transoceanic newspaper.
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1945
The Soviet Union recognizes the new pro-Soviet government of Poland.
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1949
United States President Harry S. Truman unveils his Fair Deal program.
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1950
In the Sverdlovsk air disaster, all 19 of those on board were killed, including almost the entire national ice hockey team (VVS Moscow) of the Soviet Air Force - 11 players, as well as a team doctor and a masseur.
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1953
The play Waiting for Godot by Samuel Beckett is first performed.
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1957
In a speech given to the United States Congress, United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower announces the establishment of what will later be called the Eisenhower Doctrine.
United States Congress · Dwight D. Eisenhower · Eisenhower Doctrine
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1968
Alexander Dubček comes to power; "Prague Spring" begins in Czechoslovakia.
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1970
The 7.1 Mw Tonghai earthquake shakes Tonghai County, Yunnan province, China, with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (Extreme). Between 10,000-15,621 were killed and 26,783 were injured.
1970 Tonghai earthquake · Tonghai County · Yunnan · Mercalli intensity scale
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1972
United States President Richard Nixon orders the development of a Space Shuttle program.
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1974
Warmest reliably measured temperature below the Antarctic Circle of +59 °F (+15 °C) recorded at Vanda Station
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1975
The Tasman Bridge in Tasmania, Australia, is struck by the bulk ore carrier Lake Illawarra, killing twelve people.
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1976
The Khmer Rouge proclaim the Constitution of Democratic Kampuchea.
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1976
The Troubles: Gunmen shoot dead ten Protestant civilians after stopping their minibus at Kingsmill in County Armagh, Northern Ireland, UK.
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1991
Georgian forces enter Tskhinvali, the capital of South Ossetia, Georgia, opening the 1991-92 South Ossetia War.
Georgia (country) · Tskhinvali · South Ossetia · 1991-92 South Ossetia War
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1991
The United States Embassy to Somalia in Mogadishu is evacuated by helicopter airlift days after violence enveloped Mogadishu during the Somali Civil War
Embassy of the United States, Mogadishu · Mogadishu · Operation Eastern Exit · Somali Civil War
- 1993
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2000
Sri Lankan Civil War: Sri Lankan Tamil politician Kumar Ponnambalam is shot dead in Colombo.
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2005
Eris, the most massive and second-largest known dwarf planet in the Solar System, is discovered by the team of Michael E. Brown, Chad Trujillo, and David L. Rabinowitz using images originally taken on October 21, 2003, at the Palomar Observatory.
Eris (dwarf planet) · Dwarf planet · Solar System · Michael E. Brown · Chad Trujillo
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2014
A launch of the communication satellite GSAT-14 aboard the GSLV MK.II D5 marks the first successful flight of an Indian cryogenic engine.
Famous Births
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1209
Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall, English-German king (d. 1272)
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1425
Henry IV of Castile (d. 1474)
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1530
Gaspar de Bono, monk of the Order of the Minims (d. 1571)
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1548
Francisco Suárez, Spanish priest, philosopher, and theologian (d. 1617)
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1576
Anne Turner, English murderer (d. 1615)
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1587
Xu Xiake, Chinese geographer and explorer (d. 1641)
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1592
Shah Jahan, Mughal emperor (d. 1666)
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1614
Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria (d. 1662)
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1620
Miklós Zrínyi, Croatian military commander (d. 1664)
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1640
Paolo Lorenzani, Italian composer (d. 1713)
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1679
Pietro Filippo Scarlatti, Italian organist and composer (d. 1750)
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1717
William Barrington, 2nd Viscount Barrington, English politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (d. 1793)
William Barrington, 2nd Viscount Barrington · Chancellor of the Exchequer
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1735
Claude Martin, French-English general and explorer (d. 1800)
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1767
Jean-Baptiste Say, French economist and academic (d. 1832)
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1778
Zebulon Pike, American general and explorer (d. 1813)
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1779
Stephen Decatur, American commander (d. 1820)
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1793
Harvey Putnam, American lawyer and politician (d. 1855)
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1808
Anton Füster, Austrian priest and activist (d. 1881)
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1834
William John Wills, English surgeon and explorer (d. 1861)
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1838
Camille Jordan, French mathematician and academic (d. 1922)
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1846
Rudolf Christoph Eucken, German philosopher and author, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1926)
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1846
Mariam Baouardy, Syrian Roman Catholic nun; later canonized (d. 1878)
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1855
King Camp Gillette, American businessman, founded the Gillette Company (d. 1932)
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1864
Bob Caruthers, American baseball player and manager (d. 1911)
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1865
Julio Garavito Armero, Colombian astronomer, mathematician, and engineer (d. 1920)
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1865
Ban Johnson, American businessman, founded the Western League (d. 1931)
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1867
Dimitrios Gounaris, Greek lawyer and politician, 94th Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1922)
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1871
Frederick Converse, American composer and academic (d. 1940)
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1874
Joseph Erlanger, American physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1965)
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1876
Konrad Adenauer, German lawyer and politician, Chancellor of West Germany (d. 1967)
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1879
Hans Eppinger, Austrian physician and academic (d. 1946)
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1879
Marcel Tournier, French harp player and composer (d. 1951)
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1880
Nikolai Medtner, Russian pianist and composer (d. 1951)
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1881
Pablo Gargallo, Spanish sculptor and painter (d. 1934)
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1882
Herbert Bayard Swope, American journalist (d. 1958)
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1882
Dorothy Levitt, English racing driver and journalist (d. 1922)
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1885
Humbert Wolfe, Italian-English poet and civil servant (d. 1940)
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1886
Markus Reiner, Israeli physicist and engineer (d. 1976)
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1892
Agnes von Kurowsky, American nurse (d. 1984)
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1893
Paramahansa Yogananda, Indian-American guru and philosopher (d. 1952)
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1895
Alberto Massimino, Italian automotive engineer (d. 1975)
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1897
Kiyoshi Miki, Japanese philosopher and author (d. 1945)
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1900
Yves Tanguy, French-American painter (d. 1955)
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1902
Hubert Beuve-Méry, French journalist (d. 1989)
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1902
Stella Gibbons, English journalist and author (d. 1989)
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1903
Harold Gatty, Australian pilot and navigator (d. 1957)
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1904
Jeane Dixon, American astrologer and psychic (d. 1997)
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1904
Erika Morini, Austrian violinist (d. 1995)
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1906
Kathleen Kenyon, English archaeologist and academic (d. 1978)
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1908
George Dolenz, Italian-American actor (d. 1963)
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1909
Lucienne Bloch, Swiss-American sculptor, painter, and photographer (d. 1995)
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1909
Stephen Cole Kleene, American mathematician and computer scientist (d. 1994)
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1910
Hugh Brannum, American actor and singer (d. 1987)
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1910
Jack Lovelock, New Zealand runner and journalist (d. 1949)
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1911
Jean-Pierre Aumont, French actor and screenwriter (d. 2001)
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1913
Nejat Eczacıbaşı, Turkish-American chemist, businessman, and philanthropist, founded Eczacıbaşı (d. 1993)
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1914
Nicolas de Staël, Russian-French painter and illustrator (d. 1955)
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1914
George Reeves, American actor and director (d. 1959)
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1915
Arthur H. Robinson, Canadian geographer and cartographer (d. 2004)
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1917
Lucienne Day, English textile designer (d. 2010)
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1917
Francis L. Kellogg, American businessman and diplomat (d. 2006)
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1917
Wieland Wagner, German director and producer (d. 1966)
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1917
Jane Wyman, American actress (d. 2007)
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1919
Hector Abhayavardhana, Sri Lankan theorist and politician (d. 2012)
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1919
Severino Gazzelloni, Italian flute player (d. 1992)
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1919
Herb Peterson, American businessman (d. 2008)
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1920
Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli, Italian pianist and educator (d. 1995)
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1921
Friedrich Dürrenmatt, Swiss author and playwright (d. 1990)
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1921
Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg, Luxembourgish soldier and aristocrat
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1921
John H. Reed, American politician and diplomat, 67th Governor of Maine (d. 2012)
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1922
Anthony Synnot, Australian admiral (d. 2001)
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1923
Sam Phillips, American radio host and producer, founded Sun Records (d. 2003)
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1926
Veikko Karvonen, Finnish runner (d. 2007)
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1926
W. D. Snodgrass, American poet (d. 2009)
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1926
Hosea Williams, American businessman and activist (d. 2000)
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1927
Sivaya Subramuniyaswami, American guru and author, founded Iraivan Temple (d. 2001)
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1928
Imtiaz Ahmed, Pakistani cricketer (d. 2016)
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1928
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Pakistani lawyer and politician, 4th President of Pakistan (d. 1979)
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1928
Walter Mondale, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 42nd Vice President of the United States
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1929
Wilbert Harrison, American R&B singer, pianist, guitarist and harmonica player (d. 1994)
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1929
Aulis Rytkönen, Finnish footballer and manager (d. 2014)
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1930
Al Masini, American screenwriter and producer (d. 2010)
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1931
Alvin Ailey, American dancer and choreographer, founded the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater (d. 1989)
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1931
Alfred Brendel, Austrian pianist, poet, and author
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1931
Robert Duvall, American actor and director
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1932
Umberto Eco, Italian novelist, literary critic, and philosopher (d. 2016)
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1932
Chuck Noll, American football player and coach (d. 2014)
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1934
Phil Ramone, South African-American songwriter and producer, co-founded A & R Recording (d. 2013)
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1936
Florence King, American journalist and memoirist (d. 2016)
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1936
Terry Lineen, New Zealand rugby player
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1938
Juan Carlos I of Spain
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1938
Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o, Kenyan author and playwright
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1939
M. E. H. Maharoof, Sri Lankan politician (d. 1997)
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1940
Athol Guy, Australian singer-songwriter and bassist
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1941
Bob Cunis, New Zealand cricketer (d. 2008)
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1941
Chuck McKinley, American tennis player (d. 1986)
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1941
Hayao Miyazaki, Japanese animator, director, and screenwriter
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1941
Mansoor Ali Khan Pataudi, Indian cricketer and coach (d. 2011)
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1942
Maurizio Pollini, Italian pianist and conductor
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1942
Charlie Rose, American journalist and talk show host
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1943
Mary Gaudron, Australian lawyer and judge
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1943
Murtaz Khurtsilava, Georgian footballer and manager
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1944
Ed Rendell, American lieutenant and politician, 45th Governor of Pennsylvania
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1945
Chuck McKinley, American tennis player (d. 1986)
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1945
Roger Spottiswoode, Canadian-English director and producer
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1945
Sam Wyche, American football player and coach
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1946
Diane Keaton, American actress, director, and businesswoman
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1947
Mike DeWine, American lawyer and politician, 59th Lieutenant Governor of Ohio
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1948
Ted Lange, American actor
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1950
Ioan P. Culianu, Romanian historian, philosopher, and author (d. 1991)
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1950
Peter Goldsmith, Baron Goldsmith, English lawyer and politician, Attorney General for England and Wales
Peter Goldsmith, Baron Goldsmith · Attorney General for England and Wales
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1950
John Manley, Canadian lawyer and politician, 8th Deputy Prime Minister of Canada
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1950
Charlie Richmond, Canadian sound designer and engineer
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1950
Chris Stein, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer
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1950
Krzysztof Wielicki, Polish mountaineer
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1952
Uli Hoeneß, German footballer and manager
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1953
Pamela Sue Martin, American actress
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1953
Mike Rann, English-Australian journalist and politician, 44th Premier of South Australia
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1953
George Tenet, American civil servant and academic, 18th Director of Central Intelligence
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1954
Alex English, American basketball player and coach
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1954
László Krasznahorkai, Hungarian author and screenwriter
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1955
Mamata Banerjee, Indian lawyer and politician, Chief Minister of West Bengal
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1955
Jacob Hård, Swedish journalist
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1955
Mohsen Sazegara, Iranian journalist and politician
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1956
Frank-Walter Steinmeier, German academic and politician, 14th Vice-Chancellor of Germany
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1957
Kevin Hastings, Australian rugby league player and trainer
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1958
Nancy Delahunt, Canadian curler
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1958
Ron Kittle, American baseball player and manager
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1959
Clancy Brown, American actor
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1960
Steve Jones, English captain and pilot
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1960
Glenn Strömberg, Swedish footballer and sportscaster
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1961
Iris DeMent, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
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1961
Rachel Hardiman, Irish cricketer
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1962
Suzy Amis, American actress and model
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1962
Danny Jackson, American baseball player and manager
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1962
Andrew Rawnsley, English journalist and author
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1963
Jeff Fassero, American baseball player and coach
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1964
Grant Young, American drummer
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1965
Ricky Paull Goldin, American actor and producer
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1965
Vinnie Jones, English footballer and actor
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1965
Patrik Sjöberg, Swedish high jumper
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1966
Kate Schellenbach, American drummer
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1966
Steve Tuttle, Canadian ice hockey player
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1967
Joe Flanigan, American actor
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1968
Carrie Ann Inaba, American actress, dancer, and choreographer
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1968
Joé Juneau, Canadian ice hockey player and engineer
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1969
Marilyn Manson, American singer-songwriter, actor, and director
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1969
Shaun Micheel, American golfer
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1971
Stian Carstensen, Norwegian banjo player and composer
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1972
Philip Davies, English politician
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1972
Sakis Rouvas, Greek singer-songwriter, producer, and actor
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1974
Iwan Thomas, Welsh sprinter and coach
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1975
Bradley Cooper, American actor and producer
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1975
Warrick Dunn, American football player
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1975
Mike Grier, American ice hockey player and scout
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1976
Diego Tristán, Spanish footballer
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1976
Matt Wachter, American bass player
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1977
Gavin Lester, Australian rugby league player
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1978
January Jones, American actress
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1978
Franck Montagny, French race car driver
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1979
Kyle Calder, Canadian ice hockey player
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1979
Giuseppe Gibilisco, Italian pole vaulter
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1980
Luke Bailey, Australian rugby league player
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1980
Brad Meyers, Australian rugby league player
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1980
Sebastian Deisler, German footballer
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1982
Takashi Aizawa, Japanese footballer
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1982
Benoît Vaugrenard, French cyclist
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1984
Derrick Atkins, Bahamian sprinter
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1984
Diego Gómez, Argentine-French footballer
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1984
Matt Ballin, Australian rugby league player
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1985
Diego Vera, Uruguayan footballer
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1988
Azizulhasni Awang, Malaysian track cyclist
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1988
Luke Daniels, English footballer
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1988
Mario de Luna, Mexican footballer
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1989
Krisztián Németh, Hungarian footballer
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1990
Mark Nicholls, Australian rugby league player
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1991
Denis Alibec, Romanian footballer
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1991
Soner Aydoğdu, Turkish footballer
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1991
Eric Fisher, American football player
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1991
Daniel Pacheco, Spanish footballer
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1994
Lachlan Fitzgibbon, Australian rugby league player
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1994
Tyrone Phillips, Australian-Fijian rugby league player
Famous Deaths
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842
Al-Mu'tasim, Abbasid caliph (b. 796)
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941
Zhang Yanhan, Chinese chancellor (b. 884)
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1066
Edward the Confessor, English king (b. 1004)
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1113
Ulrich I, Duke of Brno, Moravian ruler
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1173
Bolesław IV the Curly, High Duke of Poland (b. 1120)
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1400
John Montacute, 3rd Earl of Salisbury, English politician (b. 1350)
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1448
Christopher of Bavaria (b. 1416)
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1465
Charles, Duke of Orléans (b. 1394)
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1477
Charles, Duke of Burgundy (b. 1433)
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1501
John Dynham, 1st Baron Dynham, English baron and Lord High Treasurer (b. 1433)
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1524
Marko Marulić, Croatian poet (b. 1450)
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1527
Felix Manz, Swiss martyr (b. 1498)
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1578
Giulio Clovio, Dalmatian painter (b. 1498)
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1580
Anna Sibylle of Hanau-Lichtenberg, German noblewoman (b. 1542)
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1589
Catherine de' Medici, queen of Henry II of France (b. 1519)
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1625
Simon Marius, German astronomer (b. 1573)
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1713
Jean Chardin, French explorer and author (b. 1643)
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1740
Antonio Lotti, Italian composer and educator (b. 1667)
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1762
Elizabeth of Russia (b. 1709)
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1771
John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford, English politician, Secretary of State for the Southern Department (b. 1710)
John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford · Secretary of State for the Southern Department
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1796
Samuel Huntington, American jurist and politician, 18th Governor of Connecticut (b. 1731)
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1823
George Johnston, Scottish-Australian colonel and politician, Lieutenant Governor of New South Wales (b. 1764)
George Johnston (British Marines officer) · Lieutenant Governor of New South Wales
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1845
Robert Smirke, English painter and illustrator (b. 1753)
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1846
Alfred Thomas Agate, American painter and illustrator (b. 1812)
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1858
Joseph Radetzky von Radetz, Austrian field marshal (b. 1766)
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1860
John Neumann, Czech-American bishop and saint (b. 1811)
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1883
Charles Tompson, Australian poet and public servant (b. 1806)
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1888
Henri Herz, Austrian pianist and composer (b. 1803)
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1899
Ezra Otis Kendall, American professor, astronomer and mathematician (b. 1818)
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1904
Karl Alfred von Zittel, German paleontologist and geologist (b. 1839)
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1910
Léon Walras, French-Swiss economist and academic (b. 1834)
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1922
Ernest Shackleton, Anglo-Irish sailor and explorer (b. 1874)
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1933
Calvin Coolidge, American lawyer and politician, 30th President of the United States (b. 1872)
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1941
Amy Johnson, English pilot (b. 1903)
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1942
Tina Modotti, Italian photographer, model, actress, and activist (b. 1896)
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1943
George Washington Carver, American botanist, educator, and inventor (b. 1864)
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1947
Charles Schlee, Danish-American cyclist (b. 1873)
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1951
Soh Jaipil, South Korean-American journalist and activist (b. 1864)
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1951
Andrei Platonov, Russian journalist and author (b. 1899)
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1952
Victor Hope, 2nd Marquess of Linlithgow, Scottish colonel and politician, 46th Governor-General of India (b. 1887)
Victor Hope, 2nd Marquess of Linlithgow · List of governors-general of India
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1952
Hristo Tatarchev, Bulgarian-Italian physician and activist (b. 1869)
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1954
Rabbit Maranville, American baseball player and manager (b. 1891)
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1956
Mistinguett, French actress and singer (b. 1875)
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1963
Rogers Hornsby, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1896)
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1970
Max Born, German physicist and mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1882)
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1970
Roberto Gerhard, Catalan composer and scholar (b. 1896)
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1971
Douglas Shearer, Canadian-American sound designer and engineer (b. 1899)
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1972
Tevfik Rüştü Aras, Turkish physician and politician, 6th Turkish Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1883)
Tevfik Rüştü Aras · List of Ministers of Foreign Affairs (Turkey)
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1974
Lev Oborin, Russian pianist and educator (b. 1907)
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1976
John A. Costello, Irish lawyer and politician, 3rd Taoiseach of Ireland (b. 1891)
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1978
Wyatt Emory Cooper, American author and screenwriter (b. 1927)
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1979
Billy Bletcher, American actor, singer, and screenwriter (b. 1894)
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1979
Charles Mingus, American bassist, composer, bandleader (b. 1922)
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1981
Harold Urey, American chemist and astronomer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1893)
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1981
Lanza del Vasto, Italian poet and philosopher (b. 1901)
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1982
Hans Conried, American actor (b. 1917)
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1982
Edmund Herring, Australian general and politician, 7th Chief Justice of Victoria (b. 1892)
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1985
Robert L. Surtees, American cinematographer (b. 1906)
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1987
Margaret Laurence, Canadian author and academic (b. 1926)
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1987
Herman Smith-Johannsen, Norwegian-Canadian skier (b. 1875)
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1988
Pete Maravich, American basketball player (b. 1947)
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1990
Arthur Kennedy, American actor (b. 1914)
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1991
Vasko Popa, Serbian poet and academic (b. 1922)
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1994
Elmar Lipping, Estonian commander and politician, Estonian Minister of Foreign Affairs in exile (b. 1906)
Elmar Lipping · Estonian Minister of Foreign Affairs in exile
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1994
Tip O'Neill, American lawyer and politician, 55th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (b. 1912)
Tip O'Neill · Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
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1997
André Franquin, Belgian author and illustrator (b. 1924)
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1997
Burton Lane, American composer and songwriter (b. 1912)
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1998
Sonny Bono, American singer-songwriter, producer, actor, and politician (b. 1935)
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2000
Kumar Ponnambalam, Sri Lankan Tamil lawyer and politician (b. 1938)
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2003
Roy Jenkins, Welsh politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (b. 1920)
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2004
Norman Heatley, English biologist and chemist, co-developed penicillin (b. 1911)
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2005
Danny Sugerman, American talent manager and author (b. 1954)
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2006
Merlyn Rees, Welsh educator and politician, Secretary of State for Northern Ireland (b. 1920)
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2007
Momofuku Ando, Taiwanese-Japanese businessman, founded Nissin Foods (b. 1910)
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2009
Griffin Bell, American lawyer and politician, 72nd United States Attorney General (b. 1918)
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2010
Willie Mitchell, American singer-songwriter, trumpet player, and producer (b. 1928)
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2010
Kenneth Noland, American painter (b. 1924)
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2012
Isaac Díaz Pardo, Spanish painter and sculptor (b. 1920)
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2012
Frederica Sagor Maas, American author, playwright, and screenwriter (b. 1900)
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2014
Eusébio, Mozambican-Portuguese footballer and manager (b. 1942)
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2014
Philippe Boiry, French journalist (b. 1927)
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2014
Carmen Zapata, American actress (b. 1927)
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2015
Jean-Pierre Beltoise, French race car driver and motorcycle racer (b. 1937)
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2015
Bernard Joseph McLaughlin, American bishop (b. 1912)
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2016
Pierre Boulez, French pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1925)
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2016
Jean-Paul L'Allier, Canadian journalist and politician, 38th Mayor of Quebec City (b. 1938)
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2017
Jill Saward, English rape victim and activist (b. 1965)