January 29 — On This Day

The Rashidun Caliphate ends with the death of Ali, and the Imamah of the Shia going to the second Imam, Hassan ibn Ali

Rashidun Caliphate · Ali · Imamah · Shia · Hassan ibn Ali

An Lushan, leader of a revolt against the Tang dynasty and emperor of Yan, is murdered by his own son, An Qingxu.

An Lushan · An Lushan Rebellion · Tang dynasty · Yan (An-Shi) · An Qingxu

Sergius III comes out of retirement to take over the papacy from the deposed antipope Christopher.

Pope Sergius III · Pope · Antipope Christopher

First Mongol invasion of Đại Việt: Đại Việt defeats the Mongols at the battle of Đông Bộ Đầu, forcing the Mongols to withdraw from the country.

Mongol invasions of Vietnam · Đại Việt · Mongol Empire · Ba Đình District

The first boat specializing as a lifeboat is tested on the River Tyne.

Lifeboat (rescue) · River Tyne

War of the Sixth Coalition: France defeats Russia and Prussia in the Battle of Brienne.

War of the Sixth Coalition · Prussia · Battle of Brienne

Stamford Raffles lands on the island of Singapore.

Stamford Raffles · Singapore

US President Andrew Jackson orders first use of federal soldiers to suppress a labor dispute.

Andrew Jackson · Trade union

"The Raven" is published in The Evening Mirror in New York, the first publication with the name of the author, Edgar Allan Poe

The Raven · The Evening Mirror · Edgar Allan Poe

Henry Clay introduces the Compromise of 1850 to the U.S. Congress.

Henry Clay · Compromise of 1850 · United States Congress

Queen Victoria issues a Warrant under the Royal sign-manual that establishes the Victoria Cross to recognise acts of valour by British military personnel during the Crimean War.

Queen Victoria · Warrant (law) · Royal sign-manual · Victoria Cross · British Empire

Kansas is admitted as the 34th U.S. state.

Kansas · U.S. state

The Bear River Massacre: A detachment of California Volunteers led by Colonel Patrick Edward Connor engage the Shoshone at Bear River, Washington Territory, killing hundreds of men women and children.

Bear River Massacre · California Volunteers · Patrick Edward Connor · Shoshone · Bear River (Washington)

Karl Benz patents the first successful gasoline-driven automobile.

Karl Benz · Gasoline

Liliuokalani is proclaimed the last monarch and only queen regnant of the Kingdom of Hawaii.

Liliuokalani · Queen regnant · Kingdom of Hawaii

The American League is organized in Philadelphia with eight founding teams.

American League · Philadelphia

Charles Curtis of Kansas becomes the first Native American U.S. Senator.

Charles Curtis · Kansas · United States Senate

World War I: Paris is first bombed by German zeppelins.

World War I · Zeppelin

Ukrainian-Soviet War: The Bolshevik Red Army, on its way to besiege Kiev, is met by a small group of military students at the Battle of Kruty.

Ukrainian-Soviet War · Bolshevik · Red Army · Kiev · Battle of Kruty

Ukrainian-Soviet War: An armed uprising organized by the Bolsheviks in anticipation of the encroaching Red Army begins at the Kiev Arsenal, which will be put down six days later.

Kiev Arsenal January Uprising · Bolsheviks · Red Army · Kiev Arsenal

The first inductees into the Baseball Hall of Fame are announced.

List of members of the Baseball Hall of Fame · Baseball Hall of Fame

Alexandros Koryzis becomes Prime Minister of Greece upon the sudden death of his predecessor, dictator Ioannis Metaxas.

Alexandros Koryzis · List of Prime Ministers of Greece · Ioannis Metaxas

The first day of the Battle of Rennell Island, U.S. cruiser Chicago is torpedoed and heavily damaged by Japanese bombers.

Battle of Rennell Island · USS Chicago (CA-29)

World War II: Approximately 38 people are killed and about a dozen injured when the Polish village of Koniuchy (present-day Kaniūkai, Lithuania) is attacked by Soviet partisan units.

World War II · Kaniūkai · Koniuchy massacre · Soviet partisan

The first inductees into the Pro Football Hall of Fame are announced.

List of Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees · Pro Football Hall of Fame

The "ultimate high" of the hippie era, the Mantra-Rock Dance, takes place in San Francisco and features Janis Joplin, Grateful Dead, and Allen Ginsberg.

Hippie · Mantra-Rock Dance · San Francisco · Janis Joplin · Grateful Dead

Hungary establishes diplomatic relations with South Korea, making it the first Eastern Bloc nation to do so.

Hungary-South Korea relations · Eastern Bloc

Gulf War: The Battle of Khafji, the first major ground engagement of the war, as well as its deadliest, begins.

Gulf War · Battle of Khafji

President Jacques Chirac announces a "definitive end" to French nuclear weapons testing.

Jacques Chirac · Nuclear weapons testing

Thousands of student protesters in Indonesia storm parliament and demand that President Abdurrahman Wahid resign due to alleged involvement in corruption scandals.

Indonesia · President of Indonesia · Abdurrahman Wahid

In his State of the Union address, President George W. Bush describes "regimes that sponsor terror" as an Axis of evil, in which he includes Iraq, Iran and North Korea.

State of the Union address · George W. Bush · Terrorism · Axis of evil · Iraq

The first direct commercial flights from mainland China (from Guangzhou) to Taiwan since 1949 arrived in Taipei. Shortly afterwards, a China Airlines flight lands in Beijing.

Guangzhou · Taiwan · Taipei · China Airlines

The Supreme Constitutional Court of Egypt rules that people who do not adhere to one of the three government-recognised religions, while not allowed to list any belief outside of those three, are still eligible to receive government identity documents.

Supreme Constitutional Court of Egypt · Religion in Egypt · Egyptian identification card controversy · Identity document

Governor of Illinois Rod Blagojevich is removed from office following his conviction of several corruption charges, including the alleged solicitation of personal benefit in exchange for an appointment to the United States Senate as a replacement for then-U.S. president-elect Barack Obama.

Governor of Illinois · Rod Blagojevich · Rod Blagojevich corruption charges · United States Senate · President-elect of the United States

SCAT Airlines Flight 760 crashes near the Kazakh city of Almaty, killing 21 people.

SCAT Airlines Flight 760 · Kazakhstan · Almaty

Quebec City mosque shooting Alexandre Bissonnette opens fire at mosque in Sainte-Foy, Quebec, killing six and wounding 19 others in a spree shooting.

Quebec City mosque shooting · Sainte-Foy, Quebec

Shi Zong, emperor of the Liao Dynasty (d. 951)

Emperor Shizong of Liao · Liao dynasty

John, Prince of Portugal, Prince of Portugal (d. 1451)

John, Prince of Portugal (1451)

Johann Reuchlin, German-born humanist and scholar (d. 1522)

Johann Reuchlin

Giuliano Bugiardini, Italian painter (d. 1577)

Giuliano Bugiardini

Katharina von Bora, wife of Martin Luther; formerly a Roman Catholic nun (d. 1552)

Katharina von Bora · Martin Luther

Lelio Sozzini, Italian humanist and reformer (d. 1562)

Lelio Sozzini

Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange (d. 1647)

Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange

Franciscus Junius, pioneer of Germanic philology (d. 1677)

Franciscus Junius (the younger)

Johann Georg Graevius, German scholar and critic (d. 1703)

Johann Georg Graevius

Juan de Galavís, Spanish Roman Catholic archbishop of Santo Domingo and Bogotá (d. 1739)

Juan de Galavís

Emanuel Swedenborg, Swedish-English astronomer, philosopher, and theologian (d. 1772)

Emanuel Swedenborg

Carlmann Kolb, German priest and composer (d. 1765)

Carlmann Kolb

Giuseppe Bonno, Austrian composer (d. 1788)

Giuseppe Bonno

Georg Christoph Wagenseil, Austrian organist and composer (d. 1777)

Georg Christoph Wagenseil

Jeffery Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst, English field marshal and politician, 19th Governor General of Canada (d. 1797)

Jeffery Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst · List of Governors General of Canada

Paul Rabaut, French pastor (d. 1794)

Paul Rabaut

Christian VII of Denmark (d. 1808)

Christian VII of Denmark

Moses Cleaveland, American general, lawyer, and politician, founded Cleveland, Ohio (d. 1806)

Moses Cleaveland · Cleveland, Ohio

Henry Lee III, American general and politician, 9th Governor of Virginia (d. 1818)

Henry Lee III · Governor of Virginia

Albert Gallatin, Swiss-American ethnologist, linguist, and politician, 4th United States Secretary of the Treasury (d. 1849)

Albert Gallatin · United States Secretary of the Treasury

Daniel Auber, French composer (d. 1871)

Daniel Auber

Johannes Bernardus van Bree, Dutch violinist, composer, and conductor (d. 1857)

Johannes Bernardus van Bree

Ernst Kummer, Polish-German mathematician and academic (d. 1893)

Ernst Kummer

William McKinley, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 25th President of the United States (d. 1901)

William McKinley · President of the United States

Karol Olszewski, Polish chemist, mathematician, and physicist (d. 1915)

Karol Olszewski

Frederic Hymen Cowen, Jamaican-English pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1935)

Frederic Hymen Cowen

Henry Ward Ranger, American painter and academic (d. 1916)

Henry Ward Ranger

Anton Chekhov, Russian playwright and short story writer (d. 1904)

Anton Chekhov

Frederick Delius, English composer (d. 1934)

Frederick Delius

Julio Peris Brell, Spanish painter (d. 1944)

Julio Peris Brell

Romain Rolland, French historian, author, and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1944)

Romain Rolland · Nobel Prize in Literature

Vicente Blasco Ibáñez, Spanish journalist and author (d. 1928)

Vicente Blasco Ibáñez

Süleyman Nazif, Turkish poet and civil servant (d. 1927)

Süleyman Nazif

John D. Rockefeller, Jr., American businessman and philanthropist (d. 1960)

John D. Rockefeller, Jr.

Havergal Brian, English composer (d. 1972)

Havergal Brian

Georges Catroux, French general and diplomat (d. 1969)

Georges Catroux

W. C. Fields, American actor, comedian, and screenwriter (d. 1946)

W. C. Fields

Alice Catherine Evans, American microbiologist (d. 1975)

Alice Catherine Evans

Juhan Aavik, Estonian-Swedish composer and conductor (d. 1982)

Juhan Aavik

Sydney Chapman, English mathematician and geophysicist (d. 1970)

Sydney Chapman (mathematician)

Elizaveta Gerdt, Russian ballerina and educator (d. 1975)

Elizaveta Gerdt

R. Norris Williams, Swiss-American tennis player and banker (d. 1968)

R. Norris Williams

Muna Lee, American poet and author (d. 1965)

Muna Lee (writer)

Allen B. DuMont, American engineer and broadcaster, founded the DuMont Television Network (d. 1965)

Allen B. DuMont · DuMont Television Network

E. P. Taylor, Canadian businessman and horse breeder (d. 1989)

E. P. Taylor

Barnett Newman, American painter and etcher (d. 1970)

Barnett Newman

Joe Primeau, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1989)

Joe Primeau

Victor Mature, American actor (d. 1999)

Victor Mature

Bill Peet, American author and illustrator (d. 2002)

Bill Peet

John Raitt, American actor and singer (d. 2005)

John Raitt

John Forsythe, American actor (d. 2010)

John Forsythe

Geraldine Pittman Woods, American science administrator and embryologist (d. 1999)

Geraldine Pittman Woods

Jack Burke Jr., American golfer

Jack Burke Jr.

Paddy Chayefsky, American author and screenwriter (d. 1981)

Paddy Chayefsky

Abdus Salam, Pakistani-British physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1996)

Abdus Salam · Nobel Prize in Physics

Edward Abbey, American environmentalist and author (d. 1989)

Edward Abbey

Elio Petri, Italian director and screenwriter (d. 1982)

Elio Petri

Joseph Kruskal, American mathematician and computer scientist (d. 2010)

Joseph Kruskal

Leslie Bricusse, English playwright and composer

Leslie Bricusse

Ferenc Mádl, Hungarian academic and politician, 2nd President of Hungary (d. 2011)

Ferenc Mádl · President of Hungary

Raman Subba Row, English cricketer and referee

Raman Subba Row

Tommy Taylor, English footballer (d. 1958)

Tommy Taylor

Sacha Distel, French singer and guitarist (d. 2004)

Sacha Distel

Branko Miljković, Serbian poet and academic (d. 1961)

Branko Miljković

Veturi Sundararama Murthy, Indian poet and songwriter (d. 2010)

Veturi Sundararama Murthy

Hassan Habibi, Iranian lawyer and politician, 1st Vice President of Iran (d. 2013)

Hassan Habibi · Vice President of Iran

Bobby Scott, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer (d. 1990)

Bobby Scott (musician)

Germaine Greer, Australian journalist and author

Germaine Greer

Katharine Ross, American actress and author

Katharine Ross

Kunimitsu Takahashi, Japanese motorcycle racer and race car driver

Kunimitsu Takahashi

Robin Morgan, American actress, journalist, and author

Robin Morgan

Tony Blackburn, English radio and television host

Tony Blackburn

Pat Quinn, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2014)

Pat Quinn (ice hockey)

Andrew Loog Oldham, English record producer and manager

Andrew Loog Oldham

Patrick Lipton Robinson, Jamaican lawyer and judge

Patrick Lipton Robinson

Pauline van der Wildt, Dutch swimmer

Pauline van der Wildt

Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta, Malian academic and politician, Prime Minister of Mali

Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta · Prime Minister of Mali

Jim Nicholson, Northern Irish politician

Jim Nicholson (Northern Ireland politician)

Tom Selleck, American actor and businessman

Tom Selleck

Bettye LaVette, American singer-songwriter

Bettye LaVette

Linda B. Buck, American biologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate

Linda B. Buck · Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

David Byron, English singer-songwriter (d. 1985)

David Byron

Marián Varga, Slovak organist and composer

Marián Varga

Raymond Keene, English chess player and author

Raymond Keene

Evgeny Lovchev, Russian footballer and manager

Evgeny Lovchev

Tommy Ramone, Hungarian-American drummer and producer (d. 2014)

Tommy Ramone

Ann Jillian, American actress and singer

Ann Jillian

Jody Scheckter, South African race car driver and sportscaster

Jody Scheckter

Fereydoon Forooghi, Iranian singer-songwriter (d. 2001)

Fereydoon Forooghi

Andy Roberts, Caribbean cricketer

Andy Roberts (cricketer)

Peter Baumann, German keyboard player and songwriter

Peter Baumann

Charlie Wilson, American singer-songwriter and producer

Charlie Wilson (singer)

Christian Bjelland IV, Norwegian businessman and art collector

Christian Bjelland IV

Terry Kinney, American actor and director

Terry Kinney

Oprah Winfrey, American talk show host, actress, and producer, founded Harpo Productions

Oprah Winfrey · Harpo Productions

Jan Jakub Kolski, Polish director, screenwriter, and cinematographer

Jan Jakub Kolski

Philippe Dintrans, French rugby player

Philippe Dintrans

Ron Franscell, American author and journalist

Ron Franscell

Grażyna Miller, Italian journalist and poet

Grażyna Miller

Mike Foligno, Canadian ice hockey player and coach

Mike Foligno

Greg Louganis, American diver and author

Greg Louganis

Petra Thümer, German swimmer and photographer

Petra Thümer

Nicholas Turturro, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter

Nicholas Turturro

John Anthony Gallagher, English-New Zealand rugby player

John Anthony Gallagher

Dominik Hašek, Czech ice hockey player

Dominik Hašek

Peter Lundgren, Swedish tennis player and coach

Peter Lundgren

Romário, Brazilian footballer, manager, and politician

Romário

Stacey King, American basketball player, coach, and sportscaster

Stacey King

Edward Burns, American actor, director, and producer

Edward Burns

Susi Erdmann, German luger and bobsledder

Susi Erdmann

Heather Graham, American actress

Heather Graham

Jörg Hoffmann, German swimmer

Jörg Hoffmann (swimmer)

Paul Ryan, American economist and politician, 62nd Speaker of the United States House of Representatives

Paul Ryan · Speaker of the United States House of Representatives

Mohammed Yusuf, Nigerian Islamist leader, founded Boko Haram (d. 2009)

Mohammed Yusuf (Boko Haram) · Boko Haram

Sara Gilbert, American actress, producer, and talk show host

Sara Gilbert

Justin Hartley, American film and television actor

Justin Hartley

Ivan Klasnic, German-Croatian footballer

Ivan Klasnic

Rachna Khatau, Indian-American actress and singer

Rachna Khatau

Adam Lambert, American singer-songwriter and actor

Adam Lambert

Biagio Pagano, Italian footballer

Biagio Pagano

Nedžad Sinanović, Bosnian basketball player

Nedžad Sinanović

Natalie du Toit, South African swimmer

Natalie du Toit

Nuno Morais, Portuguese footballer

Nuno Morais

Safee Sali, Malaysian footballer

Safee Sali

Marc Gasol, Spanish basketball player

Marc Gasol

Jair Jurrjens, Dutch baseball player

Jair Jurrjens

José Abreu, Cuban baseball player

José Abreu (baseball)

Tatyana Chernova, Russian heptathlete

Tatyana Chernova

Shay Logan, English footballer

Shay Logan

Aydın Yılmaz, Turkish footballer

Aydın Yılmaz

Kevin Shattenkirk, American ice hockey player

Kevin Shattenkirk

Ali, cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad (b. 601)

Ali · Muhammad

Princess Ōku of Japan (b. 661)

Princess Ōku

An Lushan, Chinese general (b. 703)

An Lushan

Salih ibn Wasif, Muslim general

Salih ibn Wasif

Pope Gelasius II (b. 1060)

Pope Gelasius II

Adolf, Count Palatine of the Rhine (b. 1300)

Adolf, Count Palatine of the Rhine

Louis, Duke of Savoy (b. 1413)

Louis, Duke of Savoy

Elias Ammerbach, German organist and composer (b. 1530)

Elias Ammerbach

Frederick I, Duke of Württemberg (b. 1557)

Frederick I, Duke of Württemberg

Francis Meres, English priest and author (b. 1565)

Francis Meres

Jerónimo Lobo, Portuguese missionary and author (b. 1593)

Jerónimo Lobo

Charles Sackville, 6th Earl of Dorset, English poet and courtier (b. 1638)

Charles Sackville, 6th Earl of Dorset

George Hamilton, 1st Earl of Orkney, Scottish-English field marshal and politician, Colonial Governor of Virginia (b. 1666)

George Hamilton, 1st Earl of Orkney · List of colonial governors of Virginia

André-Hercule de Fleury, French cardinal (b. 1653)

André-Hercule de Fleury

Louis Racine, French poet (b. 1692)

Louis Racine

George III of the United Kingdom (b. 1738)

George III of the United Kingdom

Paul François Jean Nicolas, vicomte de Barras, French captain and politician (b. 1755)

Paul François Jean Nicolas, vicomte de Barras

István Pauli, Hungarian-Slovenian priest and poet (b. 1760)

István Pauli

Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1797)

Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany

Philippe-Joseph Aubert de Gaspé, Canadian author (b. 1786)

Philippe-Joseph Aubert de Gaspé

Edward Lear, English poet and illustrator (b. 1812)

Edward Lear

Alfred Sisley, French-English painter (b. 1839)

Alfred Sisley

Christian IX of Denmark (b. 1818)

Christian IX of Denmark

Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig, Scottish field marshal (b. 1861)

Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig

Sara Teasdale, American poet (b. 1884)

Sara Teasdale

Fritz Haber, Polish-German chemist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1868)

Fritz Haber · Nobel Prize in Chemistry

Ioannis Metaxas, Greek general and politician, 130th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1871)

Ioannis Metaxas · Prime Minister of Greece

William Allen White, American journalist and author (b. 1868)

William Allen White

Harry Hopkins, American businessman and politician, 8th United States Secretary of Commerce (b. 1890)

Harry Hopkins · United States Secretary of Commerce

Prince Aimone, Duke of Aosta (b. 1900)

Prince Aimone, Duke of Aosta

Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, Kuwaiti ruler (b. 1885)

Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah

Frank Tarrant, Australian cricketer and umpire (b. 1880)

Frank Tarrant

H. L. Mencken, American journalist and critic (b. 1880)

H. L. Mencken

Winifred Brunton, South African painter and illustrator (b. 1880)

Winifred Brunton

Fritz Kreisler, Austrian-American violinist and composer (b. 1875)

Fritz Kreisler

Robert Frost, American poet and playwright (b. 1874)

Robert Frost

Alan Ladd, American actor (b. 1913)

Alan Ladd

Allen Welsh Dulles, American banker, lawyer, and diplomat, 5th Director of Central Intelligence (b. 1893)

Allen Welsh Dulles · Director of Central Intelligence

B. H. Liddell Hart, French-English soldier, historian, and journalist (b. 1895)

B. H. Liddell Hart

Freddie Prinze, American comedian and actor (b. 1954)

Freddie Prinze

Jimmy Durante, American entertainer (b. 1893)

Jimmy Durante

Yasushi Inoue, Japanese author and poet (b. 1907)

Yasushi Inoue

Willie Dixon, American singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1915)

Willie Dixon

Adetokunbo Ademola, Nigerian lawyer and jurist, 2nd Chief Justice of Nigeria (b. 1906)

Adetokunbo Ademola · Chief Justice of Nigeria

Ulrike Maier, Austrian skier (b. 1967)

Ulrike Maier

Lili St. Cyr, American model and dancer (b. 1918)

Lili St. Cyr

Harold Russell, Canadian-American soldier and actor (b. 1914)

Harold Russell

Frank Moss, American lawyer and politician (b. 1911)

Frank Moss (politician)

Janet Frame, New Zealand author and poet (b. 1924)

Janet Frame

Ephraim Kishon, Israeli author, screenwriter, and director (b. 1924)

Ephraim Kishon

Nam June Paik, South Korean-American artist, (b. 1932)

Nam June Paik

Bengt Lindström, Swedish painter and sculptor (b. 1925)

Bengt Lindström

Margaret Truman, American singer and author (b. 1924)

Margaret Truman

Hélio Gracie, Brazilian martial artist (b. 1913)

Hélio Gracie

Milton Babbitt, American composer, educator, and theorist (b. 1916)

Milton Babbitt

Ranjit Singh Dyal, Indian general and politician, 10th Lieutenant Governor of Puducherry (b. 1928)

Ranjit Singh Dyal · Lieutenant Governor of Puducherry

Oscar Luigi Scalfaro, Italian lawyer and politician, 9th President of Italy (b. 1918)

Oscar Luigi Scalfaro · President of Italy

Camilla Williams, American soprano and educator (b. 1919)

Camilla Williams

François Cavanna, French journalist and author (b. 1923)

François Cavanna

Colleen McCullough, Australian neuroscientist, author, and academic (b. 1937)

Colleen McCullough

Rod McKuen, American singer-songwriter and poet (b. 1933)

Rod McKuen

Alexander Vraciu, American commander and pilot (b. 1918)

Alexander Vraciu

Jean-Marie Doré, Guinean lawyer and politician, 11th Prime Minister of Guinea (b. 1938)

Jean-Marie Doré · Prime Minister of Guinea

Jacques Rivette, French director, screenwriter, and critic (b. 1928)

Jacques Rivette